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PHYSIO II > kumari chpt 2 > Flashcards

kumari chpt 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 layers of hte graafian follicle

A

theca externa
theca interna
granulosa cells

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2
Q

when is oogenesis initiated in the female?

A

during fetal development

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3
Q

what is oogenesis?

A

prenatal phase of growth and differentiation

-the process by whihc female gamete are genereated

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4
Q

what is folliculogenesis?

A

differentiation in the prepubertal phase

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5
Q

what is folliculogenesis and oogensis?

A

differentiation in the pubertal phase

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6
Q

oogenesis leads to the formation of a haploid or diploid cell?

A

haploid

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7
Q

what stage are oocytes arrested in?

A

diplotene stage

-(dictyate stage of meiosis)

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8
Q

what initiates growth of primordial folllicles?

A

oogenesis

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9
Q

do all follicles become graafian follicles?

A

no

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10
Q

what is the cause of follicular atresia and when does it happen?

A
  • lack of support signal

- can occur at any step during folliculogenesis

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11
Q

what is the time required to complete follicular growth?

A

~10 estrous cycles

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12
Q

do all follicles follow the same pattern of development in all species?

A

no

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13
Q

high levels of what in the oocytes inhibits oocyte maturation?

A

cAMP

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14
Q

low levels of what stimulate oocyte maturation?

A

cAMP

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15
Q

what stimulates synthesis of hylauronic acid in the granulosa cells?

A

LH surge prior to ovulation

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16
Q

low levels of what appears to be CRITICAL for the resumption of meiosis?

A

cAMP

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17
Q

what are the functions of anit-mullerian hormone?

A

inhibits growth of primordial follicles to become primary follicles

18
Q

what happens after the LH surge?

A

ovualtion occurs and secondary oocyte at M II is released

19
Q

in the mare, ovulation site is restricted to where on the ovary?

A

the ovulation fossa

20
Q

in what female animal do dominant antral follicles develop and undergo ovulation only in the follicular phase?

A

sow

21
Q

what cells of the female reopro tract have LH receptors?

A

thecal cells

22
Q

what cels of the female repro tract have FSH receptors?

A

granulosa cells

23
Q

___ production increases within the follicle in the pre-ovulatory phase and is highest at the time of ____ _____

A
  • estrogen

- LH/FSH surge

24
Q

low levels of estrogen = _____ feedback on FSH and LH secretion

A

positive

25
Q

very high levels of estradiol = ___ feedback on FSH and LH secretion

A

negative

26
Q

what is required for ovum maturation?

A

estrogen

27
Q

in what species is estradiol actually luteolytic?

A

cow and sheep

28
Q

high levels of estrogen (at a certain threshold) causes what>

A

LH surge

29
Q

what increases cervical mucus secretion>

A

estrogen

30
Q

estrogen increases what receptors in endometrium?

A

oxytocin receptors

31
Q

what hormone is synthesized and secreted by the CL?

A

progesterone

32
Q

enzymes involved in P4 synthesis

A
  • increase desmolase (cholesterol to prenenolone)
  • increase 3B-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (prenenolone to P4)
  • decrease 12a-hydroxylase (conversion of P4 to androgen)
33
Q

which animal produces progesterone BEFORE ovulation?

A

bitch

34
Q

small luteal cells have what kind of receptors?

A

LH receptors

35
Q

large luteal cells have what kind of receptors?

A

PGF2a receptors

36
Q

large luteal cells produce what?

A

progesterone

37
Q

what hormone inhibits uterine contraction

A

P4

38
Q

what causes development of mammary glands during pregnancy?

A

P4

39
Q

what hormone prevents estrus>

A

P4

40
Q

progesterone acts primarily on the ______ and _____ FHS/LH secretion

A
  • hypothalamus

- inhibits

41
Q

does FSH or LH have a longer half-life?

A

FSH

PHYSIO II (33 decks)

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