JVD Foundations Flashcards
Name the following rabbit oral exam instrument:
2011, issue 1
Cheek pouch dilator
How many dentin tubules/mm2 are present in the dog’s crown?
2011, issue 2
50,000 tubules/mm2 in coronal dentin of dogs (twice as many as in humans)
Neimec says it takes how long for tertiary dentin to begin to form?
2011, issue 2
8 weeks
Double check if he’s right though….
The concave arrows represent what imaging finding/diagnosis?
JVD 2011, Issue 3 “Essential Considerations for Equine Oral Exam, Diagnosis and Treatmemt” Menzies, Lewis, Reiter, Lundstrom
Hypercementosis
What is the mechanism of action of bisphosphonates?
JVD 2011, issue 4
It is believed that BP may induce apoptosis in osteoclasts and/or potent injectable formulations may directly kill osteocytes. BP may alter production of RANKL and OPG leading to a decrease in osteo-clastic bone resorption
What is the name of the periodontal probe that has color coded markings every 3mm?
JVD 2012, Issue 2. Foundations
Marquis periodontal probe
What does a universal hand instrument mean?
JVD 2012, Issue 2. Foundations
Universal hand instruments can be used anywhere in the mouth
What angle do universal hand curettes have to the terminal shank?
JVD 2012, Issue 2. Foundations
90 degrees
What are the most common types of universal curettes?
JVD 2012, Issue 2. Foundations
Colombia and Barnhart
What angle are Gracey curette blades to the terminal shank?
JVD 2012, Issue 2. Foundations
60-70 degrees
Shaft parallelism (aka the blade is in the proper position for calculus removal when the terminal shank (as opposed to the handle) is parallel to the tooth) and 1 cutting blade
In “Dental Considerations in Cows and Goats” what is the permanent dental formala for these species?
JVD 2012, issue 3
2 (incisors 0/4, premolars 3/3, molars 3/3) = 32
What is the physiologic mobility of sheep incisors?
JVD 2012, issue 3
2mm, due to shallow boney sockets
Sheep have distinctly “loosely” fitting incisor teeth de-signed to rotate as they graze
What classification of dental impression material does PVS fall under?
JVD 2013, issue 2
Elastic/Elastomeric
What is the permanent dentition dental formula of cattle, sheep and goats?
JVD 2012, Issue 3. Dental Considerations in Cows and Goats. Eubanks
2(Incisors 0/4, premolars 3/3, molars 3/3) = 32
What are the definitions of study models, casts and dies in respect to dental impressions?
JVD 2013, Issue 2. Dental Impression Materials, Perry.
Study model - reproduction used to evaluate disease and plan treatment (orthodontics)
Casts - used as a working model to manufacture orthodontic applicances or fabricate crowns
Die - accurate replica of single tooth used to make crowns
Which impression material has the highest accuracy and dimensional stability?
JVD 2013, Issue 2. Dental Impression Materials, Perry.
VPS
Which type of impression material is the most flexible?
JVD 2013, Issue 2. Dental Impression Materials, Perry.
Alginates
In the figure below, does A or B represent good wetting ability?
JVD 2013, Issue 2. Dental Impression Materials, Perry.
A: the contact angle is lower than 90 degrees = good wetting ability
Polysulfides provide surface detail in how many micrometers for impressions?
JVD 2013, Issue 2. Dental Impression Materials, Perry.
25 micrometers
What contact angle is considered hydrophobic?
JVD 2013, Issue 2. Dental Impression Materials, Perry.
> 90 degrees
What is the working and setting time of PVS?
JVD 2013, Issue 2. Dental Impression Materials, Perry.
working time 2 minutes
setting time 6 minutes
What is the relationship VPS viscosity, surface detail reproduction and polymerization shrinkage?
JVD 2013, Issue 2. Dental Impression Materials, Perry.
The lower the VPS viscosity the higher the surface detail reproduction but the greater the polymerization shrinkage
Want to use as little low viscosity material as possible
How many shades of grey can CT distinguish?
JVD 2013, Issue 3. Advanced Imaging of the Temporomandibular Joint and Other Oral Structures, Eubanks
32-60
human eye capable of differentiating 20-30 shades of grey
What is the Hounsfield Unit (HU) of water?
Why was this article such a joke?
JVD 2013, issue 3
0
Do sharp instrument edges reflect light?
Angel, “Sharpening Periodontal Instruments,” JVD 2014, Issue 1.
No, sharp edges do not reflect light
How are acrylic test sticks used to test instrument sharpness?
Angel, “Sharpening Periodontal Instruments,” JVD 2014, Issue 1.
Dull edges will slide across the acrylic
Sharp edges will grab acrylic and slice off small piece
In Holman’s study “Duration of Action of Bupivacaine Hydrochloride Used for Palatal Sensory Nerve Block in Infant Pigs,” what duration of action was found?
JVD 2014, Issue 2
1-3 hours
What is the only factor that has been demonstrated to be critical for interosseus stage of tooth eruption?
Carle, Shope, “Soft Tissue Tooth Impaction in a Dog,” JVD 2014, Issue 2
presence and integrity of the dental follicle
At what angle should the edge of the curette be held to the flat stone for sharpening?
JVD 2014 issue 1
110 degrees
Same for luxators on cylinder stone!
In the process of stone model formation for crown fabrication, what is done to account for the layer of cement that will be used in the patient?
JVD 2014, issue 2
A sealant layer is placed on the stone model to represent the thin cement layer
What is the timeline of tensile strength loss in Monocryl (Poligecaprone 25) suture?
JVD 2014 issue 3
Tensile strength is 50 % at 7-days, 20-25 % at 14 -days, and 100 % at 21-days.
What is the general timeline to gingival flap healing?
JVD 2014 issue 3
Epithelial attachment begins and granulation tissue forms from the blood clot by 7-days. Immature collagen fibers appear by 2-weeks and the flap is expected to be fully epithelialized and attached by 1-month
How long should acid etch be used on dentin and enamel respectively?
JVD 2014 issue 4
15 seconds (dentin) and 20 seconds (enamel)
What happens when you overydry the dentin tubules after acid etching?
JVD 2014 issue 4
collagen fibrils of the dentin matrix collapse upon drying, decreasing the size of interfibrillar spaces that are necessary for resin uptake
How deep do bonding agents penetrate dentin?
JVD 2014 issue 4
200-400 microns
Absorbable sutures lose all measureable tensile strength and degrade in how many days?
JVD 2014, Issue 3. “Suture material and needle options in oral and periodontal surgery” Domnick
60 days
What are the advantages of using poligecaprone 25 (monocryl)?
JVD 2014, Issue 3. “Suture material and needle options in oral and periodontal surgery” Domnick
Very low tissue drag
most pliable of all absorbable sutures
Good knot security
very good ease of handling
very high initial tensile strength and strength:size ratio –> can use smaller sutures
rapid loss of tensile strength –> 50% at 7 days, 20-25% at 14 days, 100% at 21 days
completely absorbed at 120 days
What are the effects acid etching?
JVD 2014, Issue 4, “Use of Composite Restoration Materials,” Domnick
Dentin is demineralized exposing collagen fibers within dentinal tubules for resin infiltration –> greater micromechanical interlock of composite with dentin –> increased resistance to microleakage
Removes smear layer of dental debris created during odontoplasty
Bonding may provide protection for a fractured tooth for how long?
JVD 2014, Issue 4, “Use of Composite Restoration Materials,” Domnick
3-12 months
How deep do bonding agents penetrate dentin?
JVD 2014, Issue 4, “Use of Composite Restoration Materials,” Domnick
200-400 micrometers
What is the hybrid layer formed by fourth generation bonding agents?
JVD 2014, Issue 4, “Use of Composite Restoration Materials,” Domnick
hybrid layer forms from polymerized methacrylate and dentin and forms when the surface of dental hard tissues is demineralized
Resin monomers can then penetrate demineralized dentin and polymerize
What are the characteristics of fifth generation bonding agents?
JVD 2014, Issue 4, “Use of Composite Restoration Materials,” Domnick
One bottle bonding systems –> combine a primer and adhesive into one solution after using total etch technique
Maintains better bond strengths, protects against microleakage
micromechanical interlock with etched dentin with resin tags, adhesive lateral branches and formation of a hybrid layer
What development defines sixth and seventh generation bonding agents?
JVD 2014, Issue 4, “Use of Composite Restoration Materials,” Domnick
One-step agents that do not require acid-etching and rinsing
What are the characteristics of sixth generation bonding agents?
JVD 2014, Issue 4, “Use of Composite Restoration Materials,” Domnick
Self-etching primers –> combines priming and etching into single step, prevents collagen collapse
Type 1: acidic primer placed on prepared tooth followed by adhesive
Type 2: acidic primer and adhesive are mixed prior to placement on tooth
Less reliable results
What are the characteristics of seventh generation bonding systems?
**JVD 2014, Issue 4, “Use of Composite Restoration Materials,” Domnick **
All-in-one bonding systems
etchant, primer and adhesive combined in single solution
Sixth and seventh generation systems do not etch enamel well –> residual smear layer left and marginal seal not as strong as fifth generation systems
What wave length of light is used to cure composite resins?
JVD 2014, Issue 4, “Use of Composite Restoration Materials,” Domnick
460-480nm
What type of composites have the best durability and strength?
JVD 2014, Issue 4, “Use of Composite Restoration Materials,” Domnick
Macrofill and intermediate fill
Macrofils least aesthetic
Which of the following materials are high in flouride release?
1 resin composite
2 compomer
3 resin-modified glass ionomer
4 traditional glass ionomer
JVD 2015 issue 3
resin-modified glass ionomer
traditional glass ionomer
componer is moderate, resin composite is low
How does Flouride affect oral bacteria?
JVD 2015 issue 3
Fluoride is incorporated into bacteria and inhibits bacterial acid production
How should an ultrasonic scaler be used to remove separated endodontic instruments?
“Managing Endodontic Instrument Separation,” Todd McCoy, JVD, 2015, Issue 4
for instruments with a clockwise cutting action, the ultrasonic scaler should be vibrated around the instrument in a counterclockwise fashion
For deep instrument separation an ultrasonic scaler may be held against a plugger or spreader
After how many uses should Ni-Ti files be discarded?
“Managing Endodontic Instrument Separation,” Todd McCoy, JVD, 2015, Issue 4
3-6 because they do not show visible signs of fatigue
What are the criteria for proceeding with a standard root canal following instrument separation?
“Managing Endodontic Instrument Separation,” Todd McCoy, JVD, 2015, Issue 4
If shaping, cleaning and obturation of the apical 1/3rd of the canal is possible
How should the Ultrasonic endodontic tip be used to faciliate removal of a broken file in the canal?
“Managing Endodontic Instrument Separation,” Todd McCoy, JVD, 2015, Issue 4
Vibrating around the instrument in a counterclockwise fashion creates an unscrew-ing force to the fragment as it is being vibrated
Which 2 restorative materials have the highest fluoride release?
McCoy, “Fluoride Releasing Restorative Materials,” JVD 2015, Issue 3
Glass Ionomers
Resin-Modified Glass Ionomers
What is the effective zone of fluoride released from a restorative at the restoration margin?
McCoy, “Fluoride Releasing Restorative Materials,” JVD 2015, Issue 3
1mm
When heating NaOCl to 113F, what concentration becomes effective at dissolving tissue? What concentration is this compared to at room temp?
Sasser, JVD 2020, issue 1
0.5% heated
5.25% room temp
What property of Chlorhexidine is proposed to be potentially useful in treating residual bacteria left in a root canal after cleaning?
Sasser, JVD 2020, issue 1
Chlorhexidine has the ability to obtain substantive antimicrobial activity by being readily adsorbed onto the hydroxyapatite crystals of dentin and being released back into the environment
What is the rotary cycke (RPMs) of the low speed handpiece and high speed handpiece of air driven dental units?
JVD 2019, issue 3
Low speed: 20 000 to 40 000 times per minute
High speed: 350 000 and 400 000 RPM
