JVD Foundations Flashcards by Jennifer Kelley

Name the following rabbit oral exam instrument:

2011, issue 1

Cheek pouch dilator

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How many dentin tubules/mm2 are present in the dog’s crown?

2011, issue 2

50,000 tubules/mm2 in coronal dentin of dogs (twice as many as in humans)

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Neimec says it takes how long for tertiary dentin to begin to form?

2011, issue 2

8 weeks

Double check if he’s right though….

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The concave arrows represent what imaging finding/diagnosis?

JVD 2011, Issue 3 “Essential Considerations for Equine Oral Exam, Diagnosis and Treatmemt” Menzies, Lewis, Reiter, Lundstrom

Hypercementosis

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What is the mechanism of action of bisphosphonates?

JVD 2011, issue 4

It is believed that BP may induce apoptosis in osteoclasts and/or potent injectable formulations may directly kill osteocytes. BP may alter production of RANKL and OPG leading to a decrease in osteo-clastic bone resorption

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What is the name of the periodontal probe that has color coded markings every 3mm?

JVD 2012, Issue 2. Foundations

Marquis periodontal probe

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What does a universal hand instrument mean?

JVD 2012, Issue 2. Foundations

Universal hand instruments can be used anywhere in the mouth

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What angle do universal hand curettes have to the terminal shank?

JVD 2012, Issue 2. Foundations

90 degrees

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What are the most common types of universal curettes?

JVD 2012, Issue 2. Foundations

Colombia and Barnhart

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What angle are Gracey curette blades to the terminal shank?

JVD 2012, Issue 2. Foundations

60-70 degrees

Shaft parallelism (aka the blade is in the proper position for calculus removal when the terminal shank (as opposed to the handle) is parallel to the tooth) and 1 cutting blade

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In “Dental Considerations in Cows and Goats” what is the permanent dental formala for these species?

JVD 2012, issue 3

2 (incisors 0/4, premolars 3/3, molars 3/3) = 32

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What is the physiologic mobility of sheep incisors?

JVD 2012, issue 3

2mm, due to shallow boney sockets

Sheep have distinctly “loosely” fitting incisor teeth de-signed to rotate as they graze

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What classification of dental impression material does PVS fall under?

JVD 2013, issue 2

Elastic/Elastomeric

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What is the permanent dentition dental formula of cattle, sheep and goats?

JVD 2012, Issue 3. Dental Considerations in Cows and Goats. Eubanks

2(Incisors 0/4, premolars 3/3, molars 3/3) = 32

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What are the definitions of study models, casts and dies in respect to dental impressions?

JVD 2013, Issue 2. Dental Impression Materials, Perry.

Study model - reproduction used to evaluate disease and plan treatment (orthodontics)
Casts - used as a working model to manufacture orthodontic applicances or fabricate crowns
Die - accurate replica of single tooth used to make crowns

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Which impression material has the highest accuracy and dimensional stability?

JVD 2013, Issue 2. Dental Impression Materials, Perry.

VPS

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Which type of impression material is the most flexible?

JVD 2013, Issue 2. Dental Impression Materials, Perry.

Alginates

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In the figure below, does A or B represent good wetting ability?

JVD 2013, Issue 2. Dental Impression Materials, Perry.

A: the contact angle is lower than 90 degrees = good wetting ability

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Polysulfides provide surface detail in how many micrometers for impressions?

JVD 2013, Issue 2. Dental Impression Materials, Perry.

25 micrometers

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What contact angle is considered hydrophobic?

JVD 2013, Issue 2. Dental Impression Materials, Perry.

> 90 degrees

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What is the working and setting time of PVS?

JVD 2013, Issue 2. Dental Impression Materials, Perry.

working time 2 minutes
setting time 6 minutes

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What is the relationship VPS viscosity, surface detail reproduction and polymerization shrinkage?

JVD 2013, Issue 2. Dental Impression Materials, Perry.

The lower the VPS viscosity the higher the surface detail reproduction but the greater the polymerization shrinkage

Want to use as little low viscosity material as possible

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How many shades of grey can CT distinguish?

JVD 2013, Issue 3. Advanced Imaging of the Temporomandibular Joint and Other Oral Structures, Eubanks

32-60

human eye capable of differentiating 20-30 shades of grey

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What is the Hounsfield Unit (HU) of water?

Why was this article such a joke?

JVD 2013, issue 3

Do sharp instrument edges reflect light? ## Footnote Angel, "Sharpening Periodontal Instruments," JVD 2014, Issue 1.

No, sharp edges do not reflect light

How are acrylic test sticks used to test instrument sharpness? ## Footnote Angel, "Sharpening Periodontal Instruments," JVD 2014, Issue 1.

Dull edges will slide across the acrylic Sharp edges will grab acrylic and slice off small piece

In Holman's study "Duration of Action of Bupivacaine Hydrochloride Used for Palatal Sensory Nerve Block in Infant Pigs," what duration of action was found? ## Footnote JVD 2014, Issue 2

1-3 hours

What is the only factor that has been demonstrated to be critical for interosseus stage of tooth eruption? ## Footnote Carle, Shope, "Soft Tissue Tooth Impaction in a Dog," JVD 2014, Issue 2

presence and integrity of the dental follicle

At what angle should the edge of the curette be held to the flat stone for sharpening? ## Footnote JVD 2014 issue 1

110 degrees ## Footnote Same for luxators on cylinder stone!

In the process of stone model formation for crown fabrication, what is done to account for the layer of cement that will be used in the patient? ## Footnote JVD 2014, issue 2

A sealant layer is placed on the stone model to represent the thin cement layer

What is the timeline of tensile strength loss in Monocryl (Poligecaprone 25) suture? ## Footnote JVD 2014 issue 3

Tensile strength is 50 % at 7-days, 20-25 % at 14 -days, and 100 % at 21-days.

What is the general timeline to gingival flap healing? ## Footnote JVD 2014 issue 3

Epithelial attachment begins and granulation tissue forms from the blood clot by 7-days. Immature collagen fibers appear by 2-weeks and the flap is expected to be fully epithelialized and attached by 1-month

How long should acid etch be used on dentin and enamel respectively? ## Footnote JVD 2014 issue 4

15 seconds (dentin) and 20 seconds (enamel)

What happens when you overydry the dentin tubules after acid etching? ## Footnote JVD 2014 issue 4

collagen fibrils of the dentin matrix collapse upon drying, decreasing the size of interfibrillar spaces that are necessary for resin uptake

How deep do bonding agents penetrate dentin? ## Footnote JVD 2014 issue 4

200-400 microns

Absorbable sutures lose all measureable tensile strength and degrade in how many days? ## Footnote JVD 2014, Issue 3. "Suture material and needle options in oral and periodontal surgery" Domnick

60 days

What are the advantages of using poligecaprone 25 (monocryl)? ## Footnote JVD 2014, Issue 3. "Suture material and needle options in oral and periodontal surgery" Domnick

Very low tissue drag most pliable of all absorbable sutures Good knot security very good ease of handling very high initial tensile strength and strength:size ratio --> can use smaller sutures rapid loss of tensile strength --> 50% at 7 days, 20-25% at 14 days, 100% at 21 days completely absorbed at 120 days

What are the effects acid etching? ## Footnote JVD 2014, Issue 4, "Use of Composite Restoration Materials," Domnick

Dentin is demineralized exposing collagen fibers within dentinal tubules for resin infiltration --> greater micromechanical interlock of composite with dentin --> increased resistance to microleakage Removes smear layer of dental debris created during odontoplasty

Bonding may provide protection for a fractured tooth for how long? ## Footnote JVD 2014, Issue 4, "Use of Composite Restoration Materials," Domnick

3-12 months

How deep do bonding agents penetrate dentin? ## Footnote JVD 2014, Issue 4, "Use of Composite Restoration Materials," Domnick

200-400 micrometers

What is the hybrid layer formed by fourth generation bonding agents? ## Footnote JVD 2014, Issue 4, "Use of Composite Restoration Materials," Domnick

hybrid layer forms from polymerized methacrylate and dentin and forms when the surface of dental hard tissues is demineralized Resin monomers can then penetrate demineralized dentin and polymerize

What are the characteristics of fifth generation bonding agents? ## Footnote JVD 2014, Issue 4, "Use of Composite Restoration Materials," Domnick

One bottle bonding systems --> combine a primer and adhesive into one solution after using total etch technique Maintains better bond strengths, protects against microleakage micromechanical interlock with etched dentin with resin tags, adhesive lateral branches and formation of a hybrid layer

What development defines sixth and seventh generation bonding agents? ## Footnote JVD 2014, Issue 4, "Use of Composite Restoration Materials," Domnick

One-step agents that do not require acid-etching and rinsing

What are the characteristics of sixth generation bonding agents? ## Footnote JVD 2014, Issue 4, "Use of Composite Restoration Materials," Domnick

Self-etching primers --> combines priming and etching into single step, prevents collagen collapse Type 1: acidic primer placed on prepared tooth followed by adhesive Type 2: acidic primer and adhesive are mixed prior to placement on tooth Less reliable results

What are the characteristics of seventh generation bonding systems? ## Footnote **JVD 2014, Issue 4, "Use of Composite Restoration Materials," Domnick **

All-in-one bonding systems etchant, primer and adhesive combined in single solution Sixth and seventh generation systems do not etch enamel well --> residual smear layer left and marginal seal not as strong as fifth generation systems

What wave length of light is used to cure composite resins? ## Footnote JVD 2014, Issue 4, "Use of Composite Restoration Materials," Domnick

460-480nm

What type of composites have the best durability and strength? ## Footnote JVD 2014, Issue 4, "Use of Composite Restoration Materials," Domnick

Macrofill and intermediate fill ## Footnote Macrofils least aesthetic

Which of the following materials are high in flouride release? 1 resin composite 2 compomer 3 resin-modified glass ionomer 4 traditional glass ionomer ## Footnote JVD 2015 issue 3

resin-modified glass ionomer traditional glass ionomer ## Footnote componer is moderate, resin composite is low

How does Flouride affect oral bacteria? ## Footnote JVD 2015 issue 3

Fluoride is incorporated into bacteria and inhibits bacterial acid production

How should an ultrasonic scaler be used to remove separated endodontic instruments? ## Footnote "Managing Endodontic Instrument Separation," Todd McCoy, JVD, 2015, Issue 4

for instruments with a clockwise cutting action, the ultrasonic scaler should be vibrated around the instrument in a counterclockwise fashion For deep instrument separation an ultrasonic scaler may be held against a plugger or spreader

After how many uses should Ni-Ti files be discarded? ## Footnote "Managing Endodontic Instrument Separation," Todd McCoy, JVD, 2015, Issue 4

3-6 because they do not show visible signs of fatigue

What are the criteria for proceeding with a standard root canal following instrument separation? ## Footnote "Managing Endodontic Instrument Separation," Todd McCoy, JVD, 2015, Issue 4

If shaping, cleaning and obturation of the apical 1/3rd of the canal is possible

How should the Ultrasonic endodontic tip be used to faciliate removal of a broken file in the canal? ## Footnote "Managing Endodontic Instrument Separation," Todd McCoy, JVD, 2015, Issue 4

Vibrating around the instrument in a counterclockwise fashion creates an unscrew-ing force to the fragment as it is being vibrated

Which 2 restorative materials have the highest fluoride release? ## Footnote McCoy, "Fluoride Releasing Restorative Materials," JVD 2015, Issue 3

Glass Ionomers Resin-Modified Glass Ionomers

What is the effective zone of fluoride released from a restorative at the restoration margin? ## Footnote McCoy, "Fluoride Releasing Restorative Materials," JVD 2015, Issue 3

1mm

When heating NaOCl to 113F, what concentration becomes effective at dissolving tissue? What concentration is this compared to at room temp? ## Footnote Sasser, JVD 2020, issue 1

0.5% heated 5.25% room temp

What property of Chlorhexidine is proposed to be potentially useful in treating residual bacteria left in a root canal after cleaning? ## Footnote Sasser, JVD 2020, issue 1

Chlorhexidine has the ability to obtain substantive antimicrobial activity by being readily adsorbed onto the hydroxyapatite crystals of dentin and being released back into the environment

What is the rotary cycke (RPMs) of the low speed handpiece and high speed handpiece of air driven dental units? ## Footnote JVD 2019, issue 3

Low speed: 20 000 to 40 000 times per minute High speed: 350 000 and 400 000 RPM