Joints - Doc Je-An Flashcards
Classification of Joints:
- Fibrous Joints
- Cartilaginous Joints
- Synovial Joints
is the study of the articulations (unions) between bones
arthrology
arthrology is the study of the articulations (unions) between bones, which are commonly called?
joints
The tissue that unites the bones of a joint is generally?
fibrous tissue or cartilage.
This joint have no joint cavity. The bones are united by fibrous tissue
Fibrous joints
refers to a joint united by fibrous tissue that permits only slight movement.
Syndesmosis
This is the particular fibrous joint between bones of the skull. It is often completely ossify in maturity.
suture
is the specialized articulation of teeth in their alveoli (sockets) in the mandible and maxilla.
gomphosis
The collagenous tissues and fibroblasts that join the tooth to the socket constitute the?
periodontium
This joint are united by cartilage, with no intervening joint cavity.
cartilaginous joint
is an immovable joint in which the uniting medium is hyaline
cartilage.
synchondrosis
are united by flattened disks of fibrocartilage as found between adjacent pelvic bones and between the bodies of adjacent vertebrae and sternebrae.
Symphyses (fibrocartilaginous joints)
The fibrous or cartilaginous tissues separating adjacent bones in syndesmoses, synchondroses, and symphyses can be replaced by bone as a result of either aging or degenerative processes. When this occurs, the joint is sometimes called a?
synostosis
This joint have similar general structure, which
includes articular surfaces, articular cartilages,
articular cavity, joint capsule, and ligaments
synovial (formerly called diarthrodial) joints
are specialized layers of compact bone on the surfaces that articulate with other bones.
articular surfaces
is a layer of hyaline cartilage covering the articular surface.
articular cartilage
is a space between the adjacent bones of the joint surrounded by the joint capsule.
Articular cavity
articular cavity is a space between the adjacent bones of the joint surrounded by the joint capsule. Because the space is normally very small and has within it only a very small amount of lubricating fluid, it is called?
Potential space
joint capsule consists of two layers:
- synovial membrane
- fibrous capsule
The deeper layer of joint capsule is the ?, a delicate layer of specialized connective tissue extending from the edges of the articular cartilages of the adjacent bones but not covering the articular cartilage.
synovial membrane
Synovial membrane secretes ?, which lubricates the normal
joint.
Synovial fluids
fingerlike projections, may also project into the joint cavity.
Villi (villi synoviales)
The superficial layer of the joint capsule is the ?, a heavier fibrous sleeve adjacent to the synovial membrane.
fibrous capsule
in relation to the musculoskeletal system, are connective tissue bands that extend from bone to bone.
Ligaments
are connective tissue bands that connect muscle to bone.
Tendons
This ligaments are found within joints and are surrounded by the synovial membrane.
Intracapsular (intra-articular) ligaments
This ligament are external to the joint capsule; they include collateral, dorsal, palmar, plantar, and annular ligaments.
Extracapsular (periarticular) ligaments
This ligaments lie on the medial and lateral aspects of a joint.
Collateral ligaments
This ligaments lie in front of and behind the joint.
Dorsal and palmar (or plantar) ligaments
This ligaments surround the joint, and their fi bers generally circle the joint to strengthen and protect the capsule.
Annular ligaments
are interposed between surfaces of some joints, where they contribute to the congruency of the articular cartilages and probably play a role in complex joint movements. Menisci are truly intracapsular in that they are not covered by synovial membrane.
Menisci ( fibrocartilage disks)
is a small, fl uid-fi lled sac lined with synovial membrane. It act as cushions and are generally found where tendons cross over a bony prominence.
Bursa
a synovial membrane–lined tube that wraps around the
tendon’s circumference.
synovial sheath
This joint may exhibit one or more of the following movements: gliding or sliding, flexion, extension, hyperextension, rotation, adduction, abduction, and circumduction
Synovial joints