Introduction To Pharmacology

Question 1

The primary site for drug metabolism is

Answer 1

The liver

Question 2

Explain what you understand by Drug metabolism or xenobiotics

Answer 2

This is when we convert a drug from a non polar(lipid loving) point to a polar substance(water loving) for easy excretion

Question 3

The phases of xenobiotics is

Answer 3

Phase 1 (non synthetic or modification phase)where hepatic enzyme (eg cytochrome p450) activates the metabolite by oxidizing reducing hydrolysis and hydrating it)

Phase 2 (synthetic phase)is conjugation where a polar compound is added eg gluthathione transferrase, acetyl coa transferase

Phase 3 is excretion

Question 4

At what phase is drugs converted to polar drugs(water loving drugs)

Answer 4

At phase 2

Question 5

What enzyme metabolizes phase 1 and 2 reaction in xenobiotics

Answer 5

Cytochrome p450 and transferases respectively

Question 6

Phase 1 reaction of xenobiotics is also called

Answer 6

Non synthetic phase

Question 7

One major job of phase one reaction on metabolites in xenobiotics is to

Answer 7

Activate it

Question 8

The therapeutic effect implies

Answer 8

The function of the drug
The reason why the drug was given to you

Question 9

Analgesic drugs are drugs given for what

Answer 9

To manage pain
Also called pain killer eg( felvin is an analgesic drug for menstrual cramp

Even morphine )

Question 10

What do you understand by side effect of a drug

Answer 10

I.e the other function a drug can do other than it’s dominant function

Question 11

Who is the father of pharmacology

Answer 11

Rudolf Buchheim
Oswald Schmiedeberg
J langley
Claude Bernard

Oswald Schmiedeberg