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Pharmacology > Autocoid Serotonin > Flashcards

Autocoid Serotonin Flashcards

1
Q

Serotonin is also called

A

5-hydroxytryptamine

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2
Q

Examples of amine autocoids

A

5 hydroxytryptamine ( serotonin)
Hitamine

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3
Q

Peptide autocoids are

A

Bradykinin
Kallikrein
Natureitic peptide( ANP- atrial natureitic peptide)
Vasoactive peptide
Substance p
Neurotensin
Endothelin
Calcitonin gene related peptide
Neuro peptide y

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4
Q

Lipid autocoids include

A

Leucotrines
Prostaglandin
Thromboxane
Lipoxin
Hepoxilin
Dioli

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5
Q

What autocoids are monoamine

A

Serotonin and histamine

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6
Q

Serotonin is a neurotransmitter majorly used for

A

Mood

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7
Q

Synthesis of serotonint

A

Tyrpthophan to

Tryptophan hydroxylase

5 hydroxy tryptophan

Tryptophan decarboxylase

5 hydroxytryptamine

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8
Q

Serotonin is found in

A

90% in the GIT ( in the enterochromaffin cells )

Platelet

Neurons of cns

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9
Q

Platelets do not produce serotonin rather

A

They take it up from blood

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10
Q

We have how many classes of serotonin receptors

A

7 families
And 14 subtypes

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11
Q

5HT 1 has how many sun family

A

5 subfamily

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12
Q

5 hydroxytryptamine 1 does what

A

Does inhibition by inhibiting ca2+ , Adenyl Cyclase and activating k+ channels

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13
Q

5HT 1 uses what type of transport protein

A

G coupled protein receptor

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14
Q

5HT 1 is found in the

A

Raphe nuclei of the brain stem

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15
Q

5HT 2 has how many sub family

A

3

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16
Q

Why do you know about 5HT 2

A

It is an excitatory serotonin which does this by inhibiting k+ ion and they work through G protein

It causes contraction of smooth muscles
Found in smooth muscles too

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17
Q

5HT 3 receptors are

A

Excitatory receptors cus they are ionotropic receptors which responds to acetyl choline and found in the git

It uses ligand gated channel

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18
Q

What are triptans

A

Triptan is a serotonin drug that prevents vasodilation of blood vessels especially cranial blood vessels

They are used for migraines and are 5HT1 receptor

Sumatriptan
Rizatriptan
Naratriptan

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19
Q

Histamine is found in

A

Git lungs and skin

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20
Q

Histamine is stored and produced in

A

Mast cells and BASOPHILLIC cells and peptic cells of git and enterochromaffin cells of git

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21
Q

What are histamines

A

Histamines are monoamines which are produced during situations of vascular injury allergic reactions inflammation etc … they promote the symptoms of allergic reactions

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22
Q

How many receptors of histamines do we have
Name them

A

We have 4 histamine receptors

H1 H2 H3 H4

23
Q

What are H1 receptors

A

H1 receptors are majorly found in skin
They are more related to skin allergy inflammation and anaphylactic shock

They cause vasodilation during anaphylactic shock to reduce BP

They cause vascular dilation which and capillary permeability which leads to redness and edema
They also cause itching during venom prescence

They cause bronchoconstriction of the lungs leading to cough reflex

24
Q

When does hitamine bind to h2 receptors

A

H2 receptors are found in peptic cells of the git

They cause and increase in the release of Hcl of the stomach

25
Q

Antihistamine are

A

Drugs that inhibit the allergic reactions resulting from histamine release

26
Q

H1 blockers are classified into and why

A

1st generation can cross the cns and leads to sedation
They are bsmaller in structure

2nd generation can not cross the blood brain barrier and are more use for allergic reactions

27
Q

First generation of H1 receptor blockers are

A

DIP ME PROPERLY IN CHLORINE

DIPHENHYDRAMINE
MECLIZINE
PROMETHIZINE
CHLORPHENAMINE
HYDROZINE

28
Q

Second generation H1 blockers are

A

CEFALLO DIED

FEXOFENADINE
CETRIZINE
LORATIDINE
PROLORATIDINE

29
Q

H2 blockers are useful for

A

Preventing ulcers
Used in allergic reactions cause they don’t cause sedation

30
Q

H1 blockers are useful during

A

Pruritus(itching) of the skin causing sedation

Vertigo
Vomiting
Nasuae
And motion sickness

31
Q

H2 blockers are

A

Cimetidine
Famotidine
Nizatidine
Ranitidine

32
Q

Histamine is produced by

A

Decarboxylation of histidine

33
Q

Is histamine an essential amino acid

A

It is produced from an essential acid called histidine

34
Q

5HT1 are found in

A

The cns and cranial blood vessels causing contractions
They also activate k+ channels
And inhibits sodium channels

35
Q

5HT1 has how many subfamily

A

5 subfamily a to e

36
Q

5HT1 a is found in the and does

A

Raphe nuclei of the brain stem
And regulates mood
Sleep feeding anxiety

37
Q

5HT1 d/b is found in and does

A

Basal ganglia and does csf production

38
Q

5HT2 has how many subfamily

A

3 subfamily

39
Q

5HT2 a is found in and does

A

Visceral body and visceral blood vessels causing contractions

It causes platelet aggregation

40
Q

5HT2 b is found in

A

GIT stomach

41
Q

5HT2 c found in and does

A

Choroid plexus and does increase in csf production

42
Q

5HT 1 and 2 does what to k+ channels

A

5HT 1 causes activation of k+ channels

5HT 2 causes inactivation of k+ channels

43
Q

5HT 3 is responsible in

A

Vomiting and peristalsis

44
Q

5ht4 is responsible in

A

Peristalsis

45
Q

Angonist of 5HT1 receptors are
And there functions

A

1)Triptan family
They are used to cure mild acute migraines

2) azopirones eg buspirone,gepirone,ispirone

They are anti anxiety

46
Q

Angonist of 5ht4 is

A

Prokinetic drugs which increase gastric motility

1) pride family eg
Cisapride
Mosapride
Renzapride
Prucalopride

47
Q

What Angonist drugs are anti obesity

48
Q

5ht3 antagonist are the

A

Etron family
Granisetron alosteron palonosteron

49
Q

5HT2 receptor antagonists are

A

Trazodone and nefazodone

50
Q

Ergotamine are

A

5HT1 receptors antagonist
They are used for migraines along with sumatriptan

51
Q

Odd one out and why
A) trimethoprim
B)cephalosporin
C) rimfampin
D) trezadone

A

Trezadone…. It is a 5HT2 receptor antagonist

52
Q

What is trezadone and nefazodone drugs used for and there mechanism

A

Trezadone and nefazodone are serotonin 2 receptor antagonist ( blockers)

They do this by blocking the reuptake of serotonin in the brain making it to last longer

53
Q

What histamine receptor is found in eosinophils neutrophils and cd4+

A

Receptor 4

54
Q

During inflammation mast cells release histamine which binds to what receptor for immunal response

A

Histamine H4

Pharmacology (24 decks)

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