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Pharmacology > Aminoglycosides Antibiotics > Flashcards

Aminoglycosides Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Aminoglycosides are more effective to what type of bacteria

A

Gram negative bacteria

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2
Q

What are antibiotics

A

Antibiotics are substance released from a micro organism towards another micro organism to kill the micro organism

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3
Q

Aminoglycosides are natural drugs gotten from what soil

A

Soul actinomycetes

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4
Q

Aminoglycosides chemical structures are amino sugars linked to

A

They are amino sugars linked to aminocyclitol rings by glycosidic bond

They are 3 to 5 rings

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5
Q

Properties of Aminoglycosides

Non polar,basic and dissolves in water

Polar , acidic and forms salt with acids

Polar basic and forms salt with acid

A

D

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6
Q

Mechanism of action of Aminoglycosides

A

They bind to 30s ribosome and bind 30s -50s to codon mRNA causing a misread in the protein synthesis of that bacteria

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7
Q

Aminoglycosides are transported into the nucleus to attach to the ribosome by what

A

Porin channels

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8
Q

Aminoglycosides moves better in what state

Polarises or non polarized state

A

Polarised state

They move in electric potential difference

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9
Q

Aminoglycosides are aerobic or anaerobic

A

Aerobic

They die in the absence of oxygen

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10
Q

Aminoglycosides are the only protein synthesis inhibiting drugs that are Bacteriocidial

A
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11
Q

Aminoglycosides are best absorbed by
And why

A

Intramuscular sites of injection

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12
Q

Aminoglycosides should not be given orally because

A

Aminoglycosides are polar in nature meaning they are water soluble and cannot be absorbed through the lipid bilayer of the stomac membrane

They are absorbed better in. The stomach when the person has a problem to they stomach eg ulcer

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13
Q

The only Aminoglycosides that can move across lipid barrier is
And why

A

Streptomycin
Cus it is loosely bound to serum albumin

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14
Q

Aminoglycosides are highly concentrated in

A

Renal cortex
Endolymph and perilymph of inner ear

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15
Q

Streptomycin is used mostly to treat

A

Tuberculosis

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16
Q

Aminoglycosides antibiotics that should be given topically and why

A

Neomycin and paromycin

And if given systemically they can cause nephrotoxicity

17
Q

The Aminoglycosides antibiotics that is mostly used due to it’s easy irreversibility to toxicity is

A

Gentamicin

18
Q

Streptomycin is replaced with gentamicin because

A

It’s toxicity is vestibular and not reversible

19
Q

Gentamicin is mainly used to treat

A

Respiratory infection

20
Q

The Aminoglycosides antibiotics that has the broadest spectrum is

A

Amikacin

21
Q

Aminoglycosides Bacteriocidial or bacteriostatic

A

Bacteriocidial

22
Q

Aminoglycosides antibiotics will synergise with

A

B lactam antibiotics eg
Pencillinn or celphalosprin

23
Q

Are Aminoglycosides concentration dependent
Why

A

Yes

Cause they are Bacteriocidial drugs

24
Q

Aminoglycosides antibiotics are excreted by

A

Glomelrular filteration of the kidney

25
Q

Neomycin is useful orally during

A

Bowel surgery and ulcers

Also in external ear infection wounds conjunctivitis

26
Q

Amikacin is an Aminoglycosides that is resistant to

A

Enzymes that inactivate gentamicin and tobramycin

27
Q

The Aminoglycosides antibiotics that is used for multidrug resistant infection is

A

Amikacin

28
Q

Amikacin is useful to what bacterium strain

A

M tuberculosis including streptomycin strain

29
Q

Mechanism of action of Aminoglycosides

A

Prevents protein synthesis by inhibiting the initiation process of mRNA binding to ribosome

30
Q

Half life of Aminoglycosides antibiotics in an anephric patient is

A

20 - 40hrs times the normal half life

31
Q

Administration of Aminoglycosides antibiotics

A

Intramuscular

32
Q

Distribution of Aminoglycosides antibiotics

A

Serum level low
Found high in cortex of kidney and inner ear

33
Q

Half life of Aminoglycosides antibiotics

A

2-3hrs

34
Q

Aminoglycosides antibiotics that is given systemically

A

Streptomycin
Aminkacin
Gentamicin
Kamimycin
Tobramycin

Pharmacology (24 decks)

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