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Pharmacology > Anti Microbial Chemotherapy > Flashcards

Anti Microbial Chemotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

Neoplasm means

A

A abnormal mass of tissue that forms when cells grow and divide more than they should

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2
Q

Two types of neoplasm

A

Beningn: it grows but does not spread ( non cancerous)

Malignant:: it grows as well as affect nearby tissues ( cancerous)

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3
Q

What is chemotherapy

A

Chemotherapy is the use of drugs to remove any bacteria that causes disease or abnormal growth of cells

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4
Q

Pharmacology is the

A

Study of the effect of drugs on the body

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5
Q

Analgesia is a drug

A

That inhibit pain

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6
Q

Example of analgesia

A

Morphine sulphate

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7
Q

An antibiotic

A

Is a substance produced by a specie to inhibit the growth of another specie

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8
Q

Sulphonamides are

A

Anti folate drugs

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9
Q

Anti folate drugs does what

A

Prevents the use of folate to produce dna in bacterial cell

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10
Q

Anti folate drugs include

A

Sulphonamides and trimethoprim

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11
Q

Class 1 use in biochemical therapy

A

Prevents the production of atp in bacteria by using up glucose and other carbon sources

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12
Q

Class 2 biochemical therapy uses

A

Using of drugs that inhibits an important process majorly in bacteria without affecting the human

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13
Q

Bacteriocidial and bacteriostatic drugs

A

Bacteriocidial : reduces the quantity of the bacteria by killing it

Bacteriostatic: maintains the number but inhibits an important process in the growth of the bacteria

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14
Q

Penicillin on bacteria

A

Inhibits the production of bacteria cell wall ( Bacteriocidial)

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15
Q

Chemotherapy acts on the principal of

A

Selective toxicity

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16
Q

Gram negative bacteria

A

Has one layer peptidoglycan ( cell wall)

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17
Q

Gram positive

A

Has many cell layer ( peptidoglycan )

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18
Q

Folate synthesis is what type of therapy

A

Class 2 reaction

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19
Q

Class 3 therapy includes

A

Cell wall utilization
Ribosome( protein) synthesis
Nucleic acid synthesis

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20
Q

Polymixins are

A

Detergents that disrupts the membrane of bacteria

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21
Q

Azoles kill fungal cells by

A

Inhibiting ergosterol

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22
Q

Benzimidazoles and vinca alkaloids drugs on bacteria

A

Target microtubules and micro filament

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23
Q

What is super infections

A

The appearance of another bacteria during the chemotherapy of another

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24
Q

Antibiotic abuse include

A

1)Excess use of chemotherapy
2)Improper usage
3)Infections that prove non responsive: so u keep using the drugs but by nature the drugs has no effect
Treatment of fever of unknown origin

25
Q

Selective toxicity means

A

A drug can be used to kill bacteria without affecting blood r harming the host

It only harm the microorganisms

26
Q

Types of chemotherapy

A

Antimicrobial drugs
Antineoplastic drugs

27
Q

Types of anti microbial drugs

A

Broad spectrum
Narrow spectrum
Antiparasitic
Antiviral and anti fungal drugs

28
Q

Drugs that affect cell wall
A) tetracycline
B)chloramphenicol
C) cephalosporin
D)streptomycin

A

Cephalosporin

29
Q

Odd one out and why

Aminoglycocides
Streptomycin
Trimethoprim
Erythromycin

A

Trimethoprim is an anti folate drug

The rest are anti ribosomal drugs by preventing the normal production and function of ribosome

30
Q

Drugs that affect the plasma membrane of bacterial

A

Polymyxins
Imidazole
Amphotericin

31
Q

Drugs that affect cell wall of bacteria

A

Penicillin
And
Cephalosporin

32
Q

Anti folate drugs include

A)sulfonamides
B)trimethoprim
C)clindamycin

A

Clindamycin

This is a anti ribosomal drug

33
Q

anti ribosomal drugs include

A

Tetracycline
Aminoglycosides
Streptomycin
Chloramphenicol
Erythromycin
Clindamycin

34
Q

Quinolones drugs does what

A

They bind to dna or dna gyrase and stop dna replication

35
Q

Nitroimidazoles

A

Damage dna

36
Q

Rimfampin drugs

A

Stops rna transcription by blocking the bacteria rna polymerase

37
Q

Antimicrobial drugs can be toxic by

A

Affecting the normal flora in the GIT especially antibiotics

38
Q

Drugs that affected the plasma membrane of bacteria

A

Polymyxin
Amphotericin
Imidazoles

39
Q

Types of aminoglycosides

A

Streptomycin
And gentamycin

40
Q

Aminoglycosides inhibits protein synthesis by

A

Attacking the 50s and 30s subunit on the ribosome of bacteria majorly 30s

Ribosome produces protein
And selective toxicity occurs because
Human ribosome bears 60s and 40s subunit

41
Q

Erythromycin blocks what ribosome synthesis

A

50s

42
Q

Tetracycline blocks what ribosome synthesis at

A

30s

43
Q

Drugs that attack bacterial cell wall are

A

Penicillin
Vancomycin
Cephalosporin
Bacitracin

44
Q

Types of penicillin include

A

Penicillin G and V ( both are narrow spectrum)

45
Q

Penicillin G is effective against

A

Gram positive bacteria only

46
Q

Mechanism of action of penicillin G

A

Has beta lactamase ( penicillinase)

Which hydrolyses the bond of beta lactam on peptidoglycan

47
Q

Penicillin G is administered through

A

Injection ( paernterally)

Stomach acid kills penicillin

48
Q

The penicillin that attacks gram negative bacteria are

A

Penicillin V

49
Q

Penicillin v is administered by

A

Orally

50
Q

Cephalosporin first generation is effective against

A

Gram positive

51
Q

What generation of cephalosporin is broad spectrum

A

Fourth generation

52
Q

The generation of cephalosporin against gram negative is

A

2nd generation

53
Q

What cephalosporin generation is effective against gram negative and can enter cns

A

Third generation

54
Q

What generation of cephalosporin are effective against anaerobes

A

2nd generation

55
Q

Vancomycin is administered by what route

A

Orally and intravenously

56
Q

Vancomycin is effective against what bacteria

A

Staphylococci and enterococcus

57
Q

Anti nucleus drugs are

A

Quinolones
Rimfampin

58
Q

Aminoglycosides are more effective to what type of bacteria

A

Gram negative bacteria

Pharmacology (24 decks)

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