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Principles of Disease > Introduction to Parasites > Flashcards

Introduction to Parasites Flashcards

1
Q

Define a parasite?

A
  • Organisms that live in the expense of another
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2
Q

Give an example of a protozoa

A

Malaria (plasmodium falciparum)

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3
Q

What are injected under the skin initially by the mosquito?

A

Sporozoites

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4
Q

Where do sporozoites mature?

A

Liver

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5
Q

What do they re enter the circulation as?

A

Merozoites

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6
Q

What cells do merozoites use to multiply and what do they cause these cells to do?

A
  • Red blood cells

- Destroy them

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7
Q

Once mature, how are these merozoites transmitted to other human?

A

Mosquito bites infected human

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8
Q

What causes amoebic dysentery?

A

Entamoeba Hystolytica

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9
Q

What is a typical symptom of amoebic dysentery?

A

Diarrhoea with blood and pus

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10
Q

What can be found in the stool samples of infected individuals with amoebic dysentery?

A

Protozoal cysts

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11
Q

What is special about leishmaniasis with regards to the pathogen that causes it?

A

It can be caused by many different parasites

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12
Q

What does cutaneous leishmaniasis cause?

A

Skin/mucousal ulceration

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13
Q

What does visceral leishmaniasis cause?

A
  • Fever
  • Weight loss
  • Hepato-splenomegaly
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14
Q

What are the three types of helminths?

A
  • Nematoda
  • Cestodes
  • Trematoda
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15
Q

What’s an example of a nematode infection?

A

Ascaris Lumbricoides

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16
Q

How is ascaris lumbricoides contracted?

A

Ingestion of eggs

17
Q

What path does ascaris lumbricoides take to mature?

A
  • Embryos hatch and pass through lungs

- Enter stomach and move to small intestine

18
Q

What does ascaris lumbricoides have the potential to cause?

A

Loefller’s Syndrome

19
Q

What is Loefller’s syndrome?

A

Accumulation of eosinophils in the lungs

20
Q

What is an example of a condition caused by trematodes?

A

Schistosomiasis

21
Q

What is the intermediate host of miracidia (immature pathogen of schistosomiasis)

A

Fresh water snails

22
Q

How do the mature forms enter the human body?

A

Can penetrate the skin

Principles of Disease (35 decks)

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