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LECOM Microbiology MS1 > Introduction to Bacteria (Exam 1) > Flashcards

Introduction to Bacteria (Exam 1) Flashcards

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1
Q

What diseases are commonly associated with AIDS

A

Cryptococcus neoformans
Cryptosporidium parvum
Pneumocystis jiroveci

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2
Q

What organism is often associated with cystic fibrosis

A

pseudomonas

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3
Q

What organism is often associated with sickle cell anemia

A

Salmonella

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4
Q

What are the gram positive cocci bacteria

A 
staph aureus
staph saprophyticus
staph pyrogenes
staph argalactiae
staph pneumonia
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5
Q

What are the gram positive rod bacteria

A

bacillus anthracis
clostridium botulinum
corneybacterium diptheriae
listeria monocytogenes

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6
Q

What are the gram negative rods

A

Escherichia coli
Salmonella typhi
Vibrio cholerae
Haemophillus ducreryi

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7
Q

What are the gram negative cocci

A

neisseria gonorrhea
neisseria menigitidis
maraxella catarrhalis

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8
Q

What are the spiral gram negative bacteria

A

borrellia buurgdoferi
leptospira interrogams
treponema pallidum

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9
Q

What type of bacteria will form spores

A

Bacillus

Clostridium

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10
Q

How will mycoplasma appear on a gram stain and why

A

will not appear due to lack of cell wall

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11
Q

What will be seen in place of seeing mycoplasma on a gram stain

A

neutrophils showing sign of infection

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12
Q

What are examples of direct examination methods

A

wet mount
KOH prep
contrasting dyes

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13
Q

What is a wet mount used for

A

parasites and fungi

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14
Q

What is KOH prep used for

A

dissolve background material

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15
Q

What are the contrasting dyes

A

lactophenol cotton blue, iodine, india ink

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16
Q

What are examples of differential stains

A

gram staining
Silver stain
Wright-Giemsa stain
Acid fast stains

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17
Q

What is Silver stain used for

A

H. pylori

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18
Q

What is Wright Giemsa stain used for

A

blood parasites and inclusion bodies

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19
Q

What is acid fast stains used for

A

TB

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20
Q

What is the only gram positive diplococci

A

strep pneumo

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21
Q

How will chlamydia appear on gram stain and why

A

just see neutrophils, no bacteria. It is an intracellular bacteria

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22
Q

What is an obligate anaerobe

A

no oxygen

23
Q

What is an example of an obligate anaerobe bacteria

A

clostridia

24
Q

What is the appearance of anthrax on gram stain

A

box-car like arrangement

gram positive rods with spores

25
Q

What are pleomorphic rods

A

resemble a tennis racquet or tadpole

26
Q

What are examples of curved gram negative rods

A

vibrio cholera

all GI bugs

27
Q

What are bipolar rods

A

resemble a safety pin, stained only on the ends

28
Q

WHat type of organisms can be seen on wet mount

A

parasites and fungi

29
Q

What type of organisms will appear on iodine stain

A

parasites

30
Q

What is an india ink stain used to view

A

capsule

31
Q

What stains can be used to view fecal protozoa

A

iron hematoxylin

trichrome stain

32
Q

What organisms can be seen on methenamine silver stain

A

parasites, PCP

33
Q

What organisms can be viewed on calcofluor white stain

A

fungi

34
Q

What is the use of inert labe media

A

used to facultative intracellular or excellular bacteria

35
Q

What characteristics can inert labe media be

A

non-selective
selective/differential
specialized

36
Q

How are obligate intracellular organisms cultured

A

unable to culture these organisms

37
Q

What are the different hemolysis patterns seen on blood agar

A

beta
alpha
gamma

38
Q

What is beta hemolysis

A

complete hemolysis: clear

39
Q

What is alpha hemolysis

A

incomplete lysis: green pigment

40
Q

What is gamma hemolysis

A

no hemolysis; just grows

41
Q

What organisms that grow on blood agar grow on chocolate agar

A

all of them

42
Q

What is MacConkey agar selective and differential for

A

selective: gram negative rods
differential: lactose fermenters

43
Q

What does osin methylene blue agar differentiate

A

lactose fermenters

44
Q

What is Hektoen Enteric Agar used to differentiate

A

Salmonella

45
Q

What does salmonella produce on a Hektoen enteric agar plate

A

black pigment (H2S)

46
Q

What agar is differential for EHEC

A

sorbital MacConkey (SMAC) agar

47
Q

What is bile esculin agar differential for

A

enterococcus

48
Q

What is mannitol salt agar differential for

A

staph aureus

49
Q

What agar is used to culture legionella

A

buffered charcoal yeast extract agar

50
Q

What agar is used to culture vibrio

A

thiosulfate citrate bile salts sucrose agar

51
Q

What organism can be cultured on sabouraud dextrose agar

A

fungi

52
Q

What are the miscellaneous growth requirements of mycoplasma

A

cholesterol and pruines

pyrimidines

53
Q

What are the miscellaneous growth requirements of Francisella tulatensis

A

cysteine and iron

54
Q

What are the miscellaneous growth requirements of Haemophilus influenza

A

X (heme) and V (NAD) factors

LECOM Microbiology MS1 (22 decks)

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