Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

LECOM Microbiology MS1 > Adaptive Immunity (Exam 1) > Flashcards

Adaptive Immunity (Exam 1) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What antibody will be seen in an acute infection or a primary exposure

A

IgM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What would the presence of IgG antibody suggest

A

patient has been vaccinated or has had prior exposure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Outline the body’s antibody response to a new and old antigen

A

New: has a lag phase of 10-14 days in which IgM will be made and then will generate IgG

Old: memory response will be present. IgG will be activated after 1-2 days, much quicker response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which antibody is capable of opsonization

A

IgG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How does antigenic variation evade the immune response

A

as soon as IgG is made the pathogen will change its virulence factor causing the immune response to start again with IgM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where is antigenic variation seen

A

HIV, Flu, Gonorrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How is memory response different tan an initial response

A

uses IgG rather than IgM

memory B cells will provide a robust response that is faster than the initial response and is more specific

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What cells are responsible for the memory of the immune system

A

memory B cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which antibody can cross the placenta

A

IgG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Despite the adaptive immune system having memory you can still get a cold every year. Why is this

A

immune system is specific and pathogens can have different serotypes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Give an example of a disease caused by lack of specificity in adaptive immunity

A

toxic shock syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What occurs in toxic shock syndrome

A

toxin doesn’t bind to TCR like most antigens. Activates more T cells causing a cytokine storm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What aspect of the adaptive immune system allows vaccines to be effective

A

memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When will autoimmune diseases occur

A

when immune system cannot differentiate between self and non-self

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is molecular mimicry

A

when an antigen mimics self

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What type of immunity do B cells exhibit

A

humoral immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What type of pathogens do B cells mainly deal with

A

extracellular pathogens (bacteria)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What type of immunity do T cells exhibit

A

cell mediated immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What type of pathogens do T cells mainly deal with

A

intracellular pathogens (viruses)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the primary lymph organs

A

bone marrow

thymus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the secondary lymph organs

A

lymph nodes
spleen
mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the life cycle of a B cell

A

originates in bone marrow
matures in bone marrow
matured cells released into blood stream and cycle

differentiate to plasma cells in secondary lymphoid organs and secrete antibodies

23
Q

What immunoglobulins are found on naive mature B cells

A

IgM and IgD

24
Q

Why is it important that one cell have one specificity

A

ensures the cell will identify either self or non self

25
Q

What is clonal selection

A

when a lymphocyte with the same specificty as antigen is selected and self populates to create more cells with same sensitivity and specificity

B cells that have an antigen present will differentiate into plasma cells and memory B cells

26
Q

How can a memory B cell respond after a second exposure to antigen

A

develop straight into a plasma cell and secrete antibodies

27
Q

What does antibody link

A

innate immune system and acquired immune system

28
Q

What types of biological communication is antibody involved in

A

innate
complement
opsonization
ADCC

29
Q

What region determines the biological function of antibody

A

constant region

30
Q

What type of molecule is an antibody

A

Ag binding protein

31
Q

What must be present on a cell if it is capable of binding antigen

A

T cell receptors

32
Q

What is opsonization

A

antigen is brought directly to a phagocyte to be destroyed

33
Q

What complement and antibody are involved in opsonization

A

IgG and C3b

34
Q

What does ADCC stand for

A

Antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity

35
Q

What is ADCC

A

IgG will bring entire infected cell to a cell with a receptor CD16 in order to kill the entire infected cell

36
Q

What type of cell is required to eliminate intracellular pathogens

A

t cell

37
Q

What type of MHC will T helper cells bind with

A

MHC class II

38
Q

What type of MHC will cytotoxic T cells bind with

A

MHC class I

39
Q

Where are T cells made and where do they differentiate

A

made in bone marrow

differentiate in thymus

40
Q

How will T cells recognize antigen

A

presented to them on a MHC receptor

41
Q

What receptors will be seen on Th cells

A

CD3 and CD4

42
Q

What receptors will bee seen on Tc cells

A

CD8 and CD3

43
Q

What allows superantigens to cause a severe immune response

A

bind outside of the normal peptide binding group

44
Q

Where is interferon gamma made

A

Th cells

45
Q

What is the function of IFN gamma

A

kill intracellular bacteria

46
Q

What cytokines help B cells make antibodies

A

IL-4, IL-13, TGF beta

47
Q

Where are IL-4, IL-13, and TGF beta secreted from

A

Th cells

48
Q

What will the CD4 receptor recognize

A

antigen in association with class 2 MHC

49
Q

What is the function of Th cells

A

control other immune cells

50
Q

What is the function of Tc cells

A

directly lyse and kill viral infected cells

51
Q

What two ways can Tc cells kill

A

directly lyse viral infected cells

apoptosis

52
Q

What does CD8 receptor recognize

A

antigen with MHC class I

53
Q

What is the difference between Tc and NK cells

A

Tc requires antigen while NK does not

54
Q

How will Tc cells kill

A

release perforin which will cause holes in the cell and allow toxins to enter

LECOM Microbiology MS1 (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions