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DPD > Intro to Radiology > Flashcards

Intro to Radiology Flashcards

1
Q

What has high attenuation?

A

Bone - absorbs lots of the energy therefore look white

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2
Q

What is a voxel?

A

Volume?

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3
Q

What is spatial resolution?

A

Ability to tell one structure apart from another

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4
Q

Which is better at spatial resolution?

A

CXR as pixels

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5
Q

What is contrast resolution?

A

Ability to tell different densities apart

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6
Q

Which is better at contrast resolution?

A

CT

due to superimposition on cxr

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7
Q

Dose

A

mili seaverts mSV

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8
Q

What level of radiation do we all receive per year, living in the UK?

A
  1. 7mSv of radiation acquired - low dose

note: america is 3x as ba

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9
Q

What about radiation on a transantlatic flight?

A

000.8

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10
Q

Dose of a CXR

A

0.014mSv

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11
Q

Dose of CT chest

A

1.4 mSv (100x CXR)

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12
Q

Dose of CT spine

A

a lot higher

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13
Q

What is the tear drop structure on the right near the hilum?

A

Azygous vein from back of spine into SVC

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14
Q

What do you call the azygous line ontop of the trachea?

A

Azygo-oesophageal line

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15
Q

What is consolidation?

A

Something in airspace

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16
Q

What can consolidation be caused by?

A

Infection
Tumour
Blood

17
Q

What is ground-glass opacification?

A

Where there is some opacification but the air hasn’t been completely displaced, like lighter white shading

Doesn’t

18
Q

What can cause ground-glass opacification

A 
Something in the airspace or interstitial space or both 
e.g. 
Haemorrage
Hypersensitiivy
Pneumonitis
19
Q

What is the silhouette sign?

A

When there’s opacification

20
Q

Why would you say there is consolidation?

A

Ill defined increase in density
Loss of vessel pattern
Confluence - everything merges
Air-bronchograms

21
Q

Causes of consolidation

A

Pneumonia
Oedema
Haemorrhage
Aspiration

22
Q

Pulmonary oedema - what is the consolidation?

A

Bilateral perihilar

23
Q

How many lobes in the right lung?

24
Q

How many lobes in the left lung?

25
Q

What do you call lots of white spots?

A

Cannon-ball nodules

26
Q

What would smaller nodules in the lungs suggest?

A

Miliary TB

Absecess

27
Q

Other causes of nodules in lungs

A

Vasculitis

Infective endocarditis

28
Q

Differential for single nodule in lung

A

Primary lung malignancy
Metastases
Abscess
Vasculitis

29
Q

What does the meniscus sign suggest?

A

Pneumonitis

30
Q

If the lung is completely white with tracheal deviation, what does it suggest?

A

Atelectasis

31
Q

Where would the trachea go if there was lung collapse aka atelectasis?

A

Towards the collapse

DPD (38 decks)

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