Heart Problems - KM Flashcards
When do you give aspirin?
75mg
300mg
What meds do you give for AF?
WARFARIN - to prevent blood clot
DIGOXIN/beta blocker - to slow heart rate
What would you tell a patient with atrial fibrillation?
Common condition
People live for many years
BUT
Wiggly atrium
When do you give antiplatelets and anticoagulants?
Antiplatelet - if the problem is in arterial system
Anticoagulants - if the problem is in the venous system
Name some alternatives to warfarin
DOACs e.g.
Rivaroxaban, apixaban
What’s the scoring system for working out whether or not to give anticoagulants?
Chadsvasc
What else do you do besides give meds for AF?
Cardioversion if it’s not been for long
What does the Chadsvasc score stand for? What does it stand for?
Congestive heart failure 1 Hypertension 1 Age over 75 (2) Age 65-74 (1) Diabetes 1 Stroke/TIA/ 2 Vascular disease 1 Sex female 1
-> gives you the likelihood of risk for developing a stroke when being on warfarin
Name another scoring system and what it stands for
HASBLED score
Hypertension Abnormal liver function Stroke Bleeding previously Labile INRs Elderly On any meds previously Alcohol use
Why are heparin and warfarin sometimes given together?
Heparin is instant
Warfarin starts after about 5 days
When do you stop heparin?
When the INR shows the warfarin is working, we can stop the heparin
Fast AF vs slow AF
Slow AF - AV node has been blocked by meds e.g. in elderly people
Fast AF - ventricles respond to AF
ST elevation in nearly all leads suggests? What would the pain be like?
Viral pericarditis
Relieved by sitting forward
Treatment for pericarditis
NSAIDS
What does BBB look like?
There are broad complexes
Now work out whether it’s LBBB or RBBB
