Amir Sam - Arrhythmias

Question 1

Features of tricuspid regurg

Answer 1

Pansystolic regurg
Tricuspid regurg
High JVP
Hepatomegaly

Question 2

What is associated with tricuspid regurg caused by infective endocarditis?

Answer 2

IV drug use

Question 3

What is a pansystolic murmu

Answer 3

Louder on inspiration

Question 4

Causes of raised JVP

Answer 4

R heart failure
Tricuspid regrug
Constrictive pericarditis- complication of TB

Question 5

Causes of right heart failure

Answer 5

Secondary to left heart failure (CCF)

Pulmonary hypertension

Question 6

Constrictive pericarditis is caused by

Answer 6

Infection e.g. TB
Inflammation
connective tissue disease
malignancy

Question 7

Tricuspid regurg is caused by

Answer 7

Valve leaflets

Right ventricle dilation

Question 8

Causes of sinus tachycardia

Answer 8

Sepsis
Hypovolemia
Endocrine causes e.g. thyrotoxicosis
Phaeo

Question 9

What do you call it when you have no p wave but tachycardia?

Answer 9

SVT

Question 10

What is SVT?

Answer 10

A re-entry circuit

Question 11

What are the two types of reentry?

Answer 11

AVNRT

AV node re-entry tachycardia

and AVRT

Question 12

What is the hallmark of AVRT on an ECG?

Answer 12

Slurred upstroke from P to Q = delta wave

Question 13

Name a type of AVRT?

Answer 13

Wolf Parkinson White syndrome

Question 14

What does is the accessory pathway in WPW?

Answer 14

Bundle of Kent

Question 15

What is seen in AVRT on an ECG?

Answer 15

Short PR
Delta wave
Regular
No p waves

Question 16

????????/

Answer 16

Thyrotoxicosis
Alcohol
Pneumonai
PE
Cancer

Question 17

SVT management

Answer 17

Vagal maenouvers
Adenosine
DC Cardioversion if evidence of haemodynamic compromise

Question 18

Management for AF

Answer 18

Rhythm control

if onset is above 48hrs, anticoagulate for 3-4 weeks before cardioversion

rate contorl: bb and digoxixin

Question 19

Management for VT

Answer 19

If no haemodynamic compromise - IV amiodarone
Look and treat for underlying cause
ICD

if pulseless VT:: defibrillate