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DPD > Fundamental of Anaesthetics > Flashcards

Fundamental of Anaesthetics Flashcards

1
Q

Name two risk scoring methods for surgery

A

Possum

ASA

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2
Q

What kind of periop control would you do for someone with HTN?

A

Keep BP within 20% of normal BP

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3
Q

When do you treat someone with HTN waiting for surgery?

A

if BP is above 160/80

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4
Q

With anti-coag, what periop control do you do?

A

Keep INR/APTR below 1.5

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5
Q

Periop control for sickle cell patients before surgery

A

Keep patietn warm, hydrated,, infection free, give analgesia

Haematological review

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6
Q

What things are you looking out for during FH?

A

Suxamethonium apnoea

Malignant HTN

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7
Q

Why is next flexion bad in someone with neck RA?

A

Can cause neck dislocation!!

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8
Q

How do you prescribe opiods?

A

Does
Form
Strength
Total quantity or dosage units in both words and figures

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9
Q

What is the oropharyngeal airway? When do you use it? What does it to?

A 
Gadelle airways 
3-5 sizes (coloured)
Airway adjunct 
Sits underneath the tongue 
Sized from angle of mandible to middle of mouth
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10
Q

When do you use a bag mask valve?

A

If they are apnoeic

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11
Q

What is an endotracheal tube?

A

Coughed tube in a trachea
endotracheal tube

it does allow a definitive airway

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12
Q

What is iGel?

A

Sits above vocal cords, hence it is NOT a definitive airway

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13
Q

What safety list has WHO set out?

A

Five steps to safety

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14
Q

What things would you consider for VTE prophylaxis?

A

Mobility
Risk factors
Bleeding risk

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15
Q

Step 1 in pain ladder

A

Non opiod

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16
Q

Step 2

A

weak opiod

codeine

17
Q

Step 3

A

Strong opiod

e.g. oxycoedein,

18
Q

Which anti nausea drugs are used if morphine causes nausea?

A 
Ondansetrol
Cyclizine
Dexamethazone
Metaclopramide
Prochloraperazine
19
Q

What is NNT?

A

Number needed to treat - the lower the number, the better e.g. 6 patients need to be treated t get 1 patient to feel better

20
Q

What are the SE of these drugs?

A

LOOK IT UP ON THE LECTURE SLIDE

21
Q

If the procedure is more than 30 mins, what do you use to warm the patient?

A

Bair hugger

Fluid warming

22
Q

What do you do if the procedure is v long?

A

Consider fluid warming

23
Q

How would you manage someone with exacerbation of asthma before surgerY?

A 
O
S
H
I
T
M
24
Q

How do you treat a tension pneumothorax?

A

2nd ICS MCL

needle aspiration

25
Q

What two things do you need to confirm sepsis?

A

LOOK IT UP

26
Q

What two things do you need to confirm sepsis?

A

Two or more of:

Temp above 38 or below 36
HR above 90
RR above 20/m or pCO2 below 32mmHg
WBC above 12 000 or below 4000/mmcubed

27
Q

What do you do within three hours if sepsis is identified?

A

Lactate levels
Blood cultures
Administer broad spec Abx

28
Q

What do you do within six hours if sepsis is identified?

A

Apply vasopressors
Reassess volume status and tissue perfusion
Remeasure lactate if elevated

29
Q

Contraindications to ABG sampling

A 
Local infection
Distorted anatomy 
Presence of AV fistulas
Peripheral vascular disease of that particular limb 
Severe coagulopathy 
Recent thombolysis
30
Q

Complications after ABG

A 
Haematoma
Nerve damage
Arteriospasm 
Aneurysm of artery
Fainting or vasovagal response
31
Q

What are the ways in which oxygen can be delivered?

A 
Nasal cannulae 
Hudson facemask 
Venturi facemask  
Non-rebreathable mask 
cPAP
BiPAP
32
Q

Describe the flow rate of nasal cannulae

A

Nasal cannulae

Low flow rate

33
Q

What oxygen delivery is used in COPD?

A

Venturi mask

34
Q

What is CPAP?

A

High pressure, positive pressure all the time to keep airway open??

35
Q

When is CPAP used?

A

Type 1 respiratory failure

Hypoxic failure

36
Q

What is BIPAP?

A

Bilevel positive airways pressure

High positive pressure on inspiration and lower postive pressure on experiation

37
Q

When do you use BiPAP?

A

Used in type 2 resp failure e.g. COPD exacerabation

DPD (38 decks)

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