Intro to Endocrine Physiology Flashcards
How is the endocrine system different from nervous system
Uses hormones instead of neurotransmitters to signal distant sites in the body
How too signals travel in the endocrine system
Through the blood which helps it to circulate long distance
What is a hormone
A chemical signal secreted into the blood stream to a ct on a different tissue
How is a signal received in a long distant cell
The cell must have the hormone receptor (target cell) in order to have a response
Does the same hormone signal the same action in every cell
No, different cells with the same receptor will present different actions
What structure releases hormones
Glads and cells within an organ
List 5 glands/tissues that release hormones
Pituitary Pancreas Hypothalamus Thyroid Adrenal
How are hormones classified
Based on what they are made of (their precursors/building blocks)
What are the 3 main types of hormones
- Peptide/Protein
- Steroid
- Amine
What are examples of peptide/protein hormones
Insulin
Hypothalmic hormones
Pituitary hormones
What is the precursor for peptide/protein hormones
Amino acids
What is the solubility of peptide/protein hormones
Hydrophilic
What is the transportation of peptide/protein hormones in blood like
They are able to circulate through the blood with no help
For peptide/protein hormones, where is the receptor on the target cell
Surface receptors outside of the plasma membrane
What are examples of steroid hormones
Testosterone
Estrogen
Cortisol
What is the precursor for steroid hormones
Cholesterol (Fat)
-ring structure
What is the solubility of steroid hormones
Hydrophobic
-fat loving
What is the transportation of steroid hormones in blood like
They need carrier proteins in order to move steroid hormones through the blood
For steroid hormones, where is the location of the receptor on the target cell
Receptors are inside the cell
-intracellular
Where are examples of amine hormones
Epinephrin
T3 T4
What is the precursor for amine hormones
Tyrosine (an amino acid)
What is the solubility of amine hormones
Can either be hydrophobic or hydrophilic
-Those that are hydrophobic like T3&4 have to have protein carriers added in order to be transported through the blood
