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XY1110 > intro to amino acids and proteins > Flashcards

intro to amino acids and proteins Flashcards

1
Q

In amino acid nomenclature; what amino acids do the letters Asn represent?

A

Asparagine

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2
Q

How are the tertiary structures of proteins maintained?

A

By hydrophobic interactions, ionic bonds, di-sulfide bonds between amino acids.

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3
Q

how many are the standard and essential amino acids

A

20 standard, 9 essential

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4
Q

what are the non-polar amino acids?

A

valine
alaine
proline
tryptophan
Phe
leucine

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5
Q

what are the polar amino acids?

A

asparagine
serine
threonine
cysteine
glutamine
tyrosine

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6
Q

what is an example of a start codon?

A

AUG

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7
Q

How is DNA information used?

A

sets of nucleotides code for amino acids

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8
Q

How many nucleotides bases are in a codon?

A

3

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9
Q

what is the process from DNA to RNA?

A

transcription

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10
Q

what is the process from RNA to proteins?

A

translation

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11
Q

what are the examples of stop codon?

A

UAG
UAA
UAG

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12
Q

what are isomers ?

A

they are mirror image of each other meaning they have the same number of atoms

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13
Q

what are the examples of enantiomer?

A

L-isomer( only isomer that is found in proteins) left
D-isomer -right

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14
Q

which of the polar amino acids have no enantiomers?

A

glycine

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15
Q

what is the transcription process?

A

it is a process of taking a single gene and copying it into the mRNA-DNA-RNA

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16
Q

what is the translation process?

A

taking the mRNA to make the protein- protein synthesis , RNA-proteins.

17
Q

what are the four stages of protein structure?

A

primary
secondary
tertiary
quaternary

18
Q

what happens in the primary level ?

A

sequence of a amino acid chain.

19
Q

what happens in the secondary level?

A

alpha sheet, pleated beta sheet, bonding of the hydrogen , peptide acids as it folds into a repeating pattern.

20
Q

what happens in the territory level?

A

it is folded into three dimensional pattern due to the interaction of the side chains.

21
Q

what happens in the quaternary level?

A

protein consisted of more than one amino acid chain.

22
Q

what is sickle cell anaemia caused by?

A

single error in the amino acid sequence of haemoglobin

XY1110 (30 decks)

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