Glucogenogeneis

Question 1

what is gluconeogenesis?

Answer 1

it is a process where glucose is formed from non-carbohydrates components such as glycerol, lactate and amino acids.

Question 2

when does glucogneogenesis occurs?

Answer 2

during fasting- when the body needs to make glucose but does not have glucose

Question 3

what is the key part of this process?

Answer 3

glucose 6 phosphate

Question 4

what is the rating limiting step for glucogenogenesis?

Answer 4

fructose 1,6 bisphosphate.

Question 5

what is fructose 1,6 bisphosphate activated by?

Answer 5

citrate

Question 6

what is fructose 1,6 bisphosphate inhibited by?

Answer 6

AMP, fructose 1,6 bisphosphate

Question 7

what does glucagon inhibit?

Answer 7

glycolysis

Question 8

what does glucagon promote?

Answer 8

glucogenogenesis

Question 9

if you have insulin what do you don’t have?

Answer 9

glucagon

Question 10

if you do not have insulin what do you have?

Answer 10

glucagon

Question 11

what are the steps of this process?

Answer 11

glucose
glucose 6 phosphate
fructose 6 phosphate
fructose 1,6 bisphosphate
phosphpend pyruvate
oxaloacetate
pyruvate.

Question 12

what enzyme is involved in phosphoend pyruvate to oxaloactetate?

Answer 12

phosphoend pyruvate carboxylkinase- requires GTP.

Question 13

what enzyme is involved in oxaloacetate to pyruvate?

Answer 13

pyruvate carboxyl

Question 14

what is pyruvate carboxyl activated by?

Answer 14

Acetyl - CoA

Question 15

In gluconeogenesis, which phospho-nucleotide inhibits the activity of pyruvate carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase?

Answer 15

ADP

Question 16

In gluconeogenesis, which metabolite stimulates the activity of pyruvate carboxylase

Answer 16

Acetyl- CoA

Question 17

1.During gluconeogenesis, which TCA cycle constituent is exported from the mitochondrial matrix?

Answer 17

malate

Question 18

Which protein provides the base on which a glycogen structure is formed?

Answer 18

Glycogenic

Question 19

During fasting what blood glucose level symptoms are present in individuals with McArdle disease and why would this occur?

Answer 19

Hypoglycaemia when fasting due to decreased glycogen breakdown