Intestinal And Tissue Nematodes Flashcards
What are the types of Intestinal Nematodes
Enterobius Vermicularis
Trichuris Trichiura
Ascaris Lumbricoides
Necator and Ancylostoma
Stronglyloides Stercorolis
How is the transmission of Enterobius Vermicularis
Hand to mouth
What are the symptoms of Enterobius Vrermicularis
Causes perianal,perineal,vaginal irritation
Insomnia
Restlessness
Mild abdominal pain
Nausea
Vomiting
How is the diagnosis of Enterobius Vermicularis
Identification of the eggs from perianal region — NOCTURNAL observation
Cellophane tape
What is the host of Enterobius Vermicularis
Only human
How is the transmission of the Trichuris Trichiura
Eggs are passed in the feces
Fully embryonated eggs ingested
What are the features of the Trichuris Trichiura
Live in long intestine
Migrate in cecum
Larva live in colon
Eggs must undergo development in the soil before they become infective
How is the diagnosis of Trichuris Trichiura
Recovery or identification of eggs in feces
How is the shape of Trichuris Trichiura’s eggs
Barrel shaped
What does Trichuris Trichiura causes
Bloody, mucus diarrhea
What is the largest intestinal nematode
Ascaris Lumbricoides
How is the transmission of the Ascaris Lumbricoides
Eggs are passed in the feces
Ingestion of warm eggs
What are the features of the Ascaris Lumbricoides
Live in intestine
Blockage of intestines— malnutrition
Pneumonia
How is the diagnosis of Ascaris Lumbricoides
Identification of eggs in fecal samples
Which nematode has Flariform larva
Necator and Ancylostoma
What are the symptoms of Necator and Ancylostoma
Causes iron deficiency anemia
Coomonly asymptomatic
Abdominal pain
Anorexia
Nausea
Sore throat
Bloody sputum
Diagnosis of Necator and Ancylostoma
Recovery, identification of eggs in feces
What is the host of Stronglyloids Stercoralis
D: dogs
What does Stronglyloides Stercoralis causes
Skin: allergic reaction
Lungs: pneumonia
Intestinal: abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, weight loss , anemia
How is the diagnosis of the Stronglyloides Stercoralis
Recovery and identification of larvae in the feces,eggs in duodenal drainage
What are hosts of Trichinella Spiralis
Main resovior: Pigs
Alternate host: Man
How is the transmission of the Trichinella Spiralis
Ingestion of undercooked meat containing encysted larvae
What are the symptoms of Trichinella Spiralis
Malaise
Diarrhae
Periorbital edema
Muscle weakness
Myocarditis
Encephalitis
How is the diagnosis of Trichinella Spiralis
History
Muscle biopsy
Stool examination of adult form/ larvae
PCR
ELISA
What are the hosts of Dracunvulus Medinenensis
D: Human
I: Cyclops
How is the transmission of the Dracunculus Medinensis
Drinking unfiltered water containing copepods
What are the symptoms of Dracunculus Medinensis
Pruritus
Urticarial rash
Blister formation in skin
Cellulitis
How is the diagnosis of the Dracunculus Medinensis
Detection of adult worm and larval form in ulcer
ELISA
IPA
X-RAY
What are the 2 agents of the Lymphotic Filariasis
Wucheria boncofti
Brugia Malayi
Where does Lymphotic Fibrosis agents live in?
Adult forms only live in human lymph system
How is the microfilariae of the Lymphotic Filsriasis agents
Sheathed
How is the transmission of the Lymphatic Filariosis
Person to person
What are the vectors of Wucheria
Culex
Aedes
Anopheles mosquito
What are the vectors of the Brugia Malayi
Monsonia
Anopheles
Aedes mosquito
What does Wucheria and Bruglia causes
Lymphedema
Elephantiasis
Hydrocele
Swelling
How is the diagnosis of the Wucheria
Microfilaria in blood, history, symptoms
How is the diagnosis of the Brugia Malayi
Microfilaria in stained blood smears
What are the hosts of the Loa Loa
Only definitive: humans
How is the transmission of the Loa Loa
Day-bitting flies (chrysops)
Where does the adult forms of Loa Loa can migrate through?
Subcutaneous tissue
Muscle
In front of the eyeball
Subconjunctival migration
How is the diagnosis of the Loa Loa
Demonstration of adult worm from skin and conjunctiva
How is the Microfilaria of the Onchoecrca Valvulus
Not sheathed
Where does Onchoncerca Valvulus found
Skin
Not in blood stream
What is the vector of the Onchocerca Valvulus
Simulium flies
Where id the infection of the Onchocerca Valvulus
Dermis and subcutaneous tissue
Which nematode has a Fibrotic nodule
Onchocerca Valvulus
How is the diagnosis of the Onchocerca Valvulus
Microfilariae are found in skin scrapings from around nodules
