Host Parasite Intercations

Question 1

Symbiosis

Answer 1

Biological interaction between two different organism

Question 2

Factors affecting host-pathogen interactions

Answer 2

Host= Innate, Adaptive immune

Pathogen= adherence, invasion, degradative enzymes, exotoxins, endotoxins, induction of excess inflammation, evasion of phagocytic and immune clearance, Superantigen effect, resistance to antibiotics

Question 3

8 steps of disease pathogenesis

Answer 3

Transmission
Adherence
Invasion
Colonization
Evasion of host defenses
Damage and disease to host tissues
Exit from the body
Survival in the environment

Question 4

Adherence

Answer 4

Necessary step in the pathogenicity
Adhesion proteins= adhesins
Specific or non-specific receptors are targeted on host cells

Question 5

Attachment mechanisms

Answer 5

Pili
Lectins
Biofilm
Capsule

Question 6

Invasion mechanism 1

Answer 6

1-Invasive pathogens reach epi surface
2- Pathogens produce hyaluronidase
3- Pathogens invade deeper tissues

Question 7

Invasion mechanism 2

Answer 7

Bacteria escapes from macrophage and invade neighbor cells
Macrophage engulf bacteria

Question 8

Evasion of host defenses

Answer 8

Hiding within a host cell
Avoiding killing by complement system proteins
Preventing phagocytic cell action

Question 9

Preventing phagocytic cell action

Answer 9

Capsule
AB’s Fc part binding receptors
Avoiding ab
Surviving within phagocytes

Question 10

Direct damage mechanisms

Answer 10

Enzymes
Toxins

Question 11

Indirect damage mechanisms

Answer 11

Damage associated with inflammation
Damage associated with adaptive immunity

Question 12

When does a disease is produced

Answer 12

If body defense systems can not stop the process (infection) disease develops