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Body Logistics > Integrating Cells Into Tissues > Flashcards

Integrating Cells Into Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

How long can red blood cells be stored at 6 degrees for?

A

42 days

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2
Q

How long can red blood cells be frozen for?

A

10 years

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3
Q

How are cells held together in a tissue?

A

Attachment to each other- Lateral domain

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4
Q

What are the three main types of cell junction?

A

Tight junction- attach firmly
Desmosomes- further strengthen tight junctions
Gap Junctions- Communication

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5
Q

What do tight junctions do?

A

Tightly connect epithelial cells to each other by fusing the plasmalemma of adjacent epithelial cells which forms a seal and selective barrier

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6
Q

What do desmosomes do?

A

strengthen connections of adjacent cells, next to or under tight junctions, prevent stretching and twisting

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7
Q

What do gap junctions do?

A

Allow cell communications as have channels with allow molecules to pass through allowing messages to be past

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8
Q

What is the Basal Domain?

A

The Basement membrane- cells sit on this

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9
Q

How do cells attach to the Basement membrane?

A

Hemidesmosomes and Focal adhesions

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10
Q

Where are Hermidesomsomes found?

A

Found in tissues subject to abrasion like skin and epithelium of the oral cavity

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11
Q

What do focal adhesions do?

A

Anchor intracellular actin filaments to the basement membrane, role in cell movement like migration of epithelial cells in wound repair

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12
Q

What are Integrins?

A

Transmembrane proteins that attaching the cell cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix and sense whether adhesion occurred

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13
Q

What is the Integrins main functions?

A

Attach the cell to the ECM

Signal transduction from ECM to the cell

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14
Q

What other functions does the Integrin have?

A

immune patrolling and cell migration

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15
Q

How can tissues be separated?

A

Collagenase or microdissection

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16
Q

What is the problem with cultured cells?

A

Behave differently and look different to the same cells in tissues, demonstrate contact inhibition, limited life span and demonstrate Senescence

17
Q

What is Autocrine communication?

A

Targets the cell which secretes the signal

18
Q

What is Paracrine communication?

A

Targets cells close to the producing cell

19
Q

What is Endocrine communication?

A

Signal travels through the blood stream to target cells

20
Q

What is synaptic communication?

A

Where neurotransmitters will diffuse across a synapse to target cell

21
Q

What is Neurocrine communication?

A

Electrical signal produces a signal which travels through the blood

22
Q

What is necrosis?

A

Cell death caused by injury, bacterial toxins or nutritional deprivation- cell burst causing damage and inflammation

23
Q

What is apoptosis?

A

Programmed cell death

24
Q

What parts of the body are static with cell renewal?

A

CNS, cardiac and skeletal muscle cells

25
Q

What parts of the body are stable with cell renewal?

A

Fibroblasts, endothelium, smooth muscle cells

26
Q

What parts of the body are renewing with cell renewal?

A

Blood, skin, gut

27
Q

What are the 4 basic types of tissue?

A

Epithelial, Muscle, Nerve and Connective tissue

28
Q

Wha are the specialised connective tissues?

A

Adipose, Lymphatic, Blood, Haemopoietic, Cartilage and Bone

29
Q

What is an epitheloid?

A

Do not have surface

30
Q

What are microvilli?

A

cytoplasmic processes that extend from the cell surface

31
Q

What are stereovilli?

A

particularly long microvilli e.g. sensory hair cells of the ear and epididymis

32
Q

What are cilia?

A

motile cytoplasmic processes that move forward

33
Q

What is the effective stroke of cilia?

A

Rapid forward movement

34
Q

What is the recovery stroke of cilia?

A

slower return stroke

Body Logistics (20 decks)

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