Connective And Adipose Tissues Flashcards
What are the functions of connective tissue?
Connects cells to form tissues Transports Protection Storage Defence Wound healing
What are the general connective tissues?
Cells, fibres and ground substance
What fibres are present in connective tissue?
Collagen, Reticular and Elastin
What is ground substance?
Viscous, clear substance with a slippery feel
Made of proteoglycans
What are Glycosaminoglycans? (GAGs)
Long chained polysaccharides that attracts water to from hydrated gel that permits rapid diffusion- in ground substance
What is a proteoglycan?
Core protein molecule and many GAGs attached
What is the extracellular matrix?
Complex extracellular structural network that consists of ground substance and fibres
What is loose connective tissue?
Many cells, sparse collagen fibres, abundant ground substance, viscous and gel like consistent, used for transport
What is dense connective tissue?
Few cells, many collagen fibres, little ground substance
Where is loose connective tissue?
located beneath epithelia, epithelium of glands, small blood vessels
- where pathogens can be challenged - swells
What is regular dense connective tissue?
Collagen fibres are arranged in parallel bundles and are densely packed between bundles and fibroblasts, withstand stress in a single direction
Where is dense regular connective tissue found?
Tendons, ligamens and aponeuroses
What is irregular dense connective tissue?
Collagen fibres are arranged in bundles orientated in various directions between bindles and fibroblasts, withstand stress in multiple directions
Where is irregular dense connective
Submucosa of intestine and deep layers of dermis
What do ligaments do?
Connect bone to bone
How are ligaments arranged?
collagen bundles are densely packed in parallel arrangement in fascicles, separated by loose connective tissue
What is the dermis?
Dense irregular connective tissue
What cells are present in connective tissue? (fixed)
Fibroblasts, Melanocytes, mast cells, macrophages, adipocytes, Mesenchymal stem cells
What cells are wandering immune cells?
Leucocytes, plasma cells, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils
What do Fibroblasts do?
Synthesise and secrete ground substance and fibres that lie in the ground substance
Why are fibroblasts important?
wound healing and scar tissue
What are macrophages?
Phagocytes which degrade foreign organisms and cell debris
What are Mast cells?
Contain histamine to increase blood vessel wall permeability, Heparin which is an anticoagulant and substances that attract eosinophils and neutrophils
What fibres are present in connective tissue?
Collagen, Reticular and Elastin
What is Reticulin?
Type III collagen, fibrils form fibres around muscle and nerve cells and within lymphatic tissues and organs
What is Collagen?
The most common protein in the body
What produces collagen?
Fibroblasts
Where are elastin fibres needed?
Dermis, artery wall, lungs and elastic cartilage sites
What is more common, white or brown adipose tissues?
White
Why are brown adipose tissue brown?
rich vascular supply and abundant mitochondria
What is Ghrelin?
appetite stimulator
What is leptin?
appetite suppressor
