insect entomology

Question 1

define zoology

Answer 1

branch of biology that studies the whole animal kingdom and everything related to it

Question 2

define entomology

Answer 2

branch of zoology that studies insect

Question 3

define medical entomology

Answer 3

branch of zoology that focuses on insects and arthropod groups which have medical importance

Question 4

how many insects are harmful to humans?

Answer 4

10000

Question 5

describe the history of the guinea worm

Answer 5

1- discovered in approximately 1868
2- discovered by Fedtschenko
3- it is a parasite which develops in cyclops

Question 6

describe the history of bancroftian filariasis

Answer 6

1- discovered in approximately 1877
2-discovered by Patrick Manson
2- a parasite which develops in ,mosquitoes

Question 7

what are 5 features of arthropods?

Answer 7

1- they are jointed
2- contain an exoskeleton
3- have a body cavity[ fluid filled space]
4- are bilaterally symmetrical
5- undergo molting/ecdysis

Question 8

what is the body cavity of arthropods composed of?

Answer 8

hemolymph

Question 9

what is another term for development of arthropods?

Answer 9

metamorphosis

Question 10

what are the types of arthropod metamorphosis?

Answer 10

1- incomplete/direct development

2- complete/indirect development

Question 11

describe the direct/incomplete development

Answer 11

an egg forms a nymph without going to larva stage

Question 12

describe the indirect/complete development

Answer 12

-an egg develops into a full adult by going through the larva stage
egg—larva–pupa–full adult

Question 13

what is the difference between vector and a host?

Answer 13

host- a large organism that provides food and shelter for another organism

vector- a small organisms that transmits an infectious agent from one host to another

Question 14

what are the ways arthropods effect human health?

Answer 14

1- direct agent for disease/discomfort
: they themselves cause disease/harm2-agent for disease transmission
: contain a pathogen which causes the disease

Question 15

what are the types of carriers?

Answer 15

1-biological carrier

2- mechanical carrier

Question 16

describe biological transmission

Answer 16

an animal that carries a pathogen that reproduces inside it before transmitting it to another host

Question 17

what is an example of a biological vector?

Answer 17

mosquitoes

Question 18

describe mechanical transmission

Answer 18

an animal that carries a pathogen from host to host without being infected

Question 19

how are infections and disease related?

Answer 19

• an infection occurs when the pathogen is replicating in the body
• a disease is caused by cells getting destroyed a result of an infection

Question 20

what is biological transmission divided into?

Answer 20

1- transovarial transmission

2- transstadial transmission

Question 21

define transovarial transmission

Answer 21

transmission of an infectious agent from parent to offspring via infection of the developing egg

Question 22

define transstadial transmission

Answer 22

pathogen infects the arthropod from one stage to another

Question 23

describe how arthropods effect human health by being a direct agent for disease/discomfort

Answer 23

1- annoyance of insects
2-entomophobia:fear of insect
3-envenomization:poisoning by bite/stinge
4- dermatosis: disease of the bodies outer layer
5-dermatitis:inflamation of the skin

Question 24

what is an example of a mechanical carrier?

Answer 24

fly

Question 25

what are the classification of arthropods?

Answer 25

1- arachnids 2- crustaceans 3-insects 4-myriapods

Question 26

what are cyclops?

Answer 26

small crustaceans which act as host for parasite

Question 27

describe 2 ways in which cyclops act as host for parasite

Answer 27

1- Guinea worm develops in cyclops causing dracunculiasis | 2- fish tape worm gets passed to human through the oral-fecal route

Question 28

what are properties of insects?

Answer 28

1- have 3 pair of legs 2- have a pair of antenna 3- body divided into head, thorax and abdomen 4-may or may not contain wings

Question 29

what is an example of an insect?

Answer 29

1-bees | 2- ant

Question 30

what are the properties of crustaceans?

Answer 30

1- have 4 or 5 pair of legs 2- have 2 pair antenna 3-have cephalothorax and abdomen 4- most are aquatic

Question 31

how many legs do crabs and lobster have?

Answer 31

crab- 5 pairs | lobster-4 pairs

Question 32

what are the properties of arachnids?

Answer 32

1- have 4 pair of legs 2- have a cephalothorax and abdomen 3-they are wingless 4- undergo incomplete/direct metamorphosis

Question 33

what are the vector control measures?

Answer 33

1-mechanical methods 2-chemical methods 3- biological methods 4- ecological methods

Question 34

what are the mechanical methods of vector control measures?

Answer 34

installing bed nets and wire mesh

Question 35

what are the chemical methods of vector control measures?

Answer 35

use of synthetic or natural chemicals which repulse, attract or kill the vector

Question 36

what are the biological methods of vector control measures?

Answer 36

regulation of vector population using predators

Question 37

what are the ecological methods of vector control measures?

Answer 37

procedures involving the removal, destruction, isolation and modification of materials that favor survival of vectors

Question 38

what 3 disease do mosquitoes cause?

Answer 38

1- zika virus 2- dengue 3- malaria

Question 39

what 3 insects are ectoparasite?

Answer 39

1- bed bugs 2- lice 3-fleas

Question 40

describe fly larva

Answer 40

``` 1- undergo myiasis 2- pathogens transmitted by contaminated: a] legs b] body hair c] mouthpart ```

Question 41

what is the sand fly a host for?

Answer 41

host for the leishmania parasite which causes leishmaniasis

Question 42

describe bed bug

Answer 42

1- they are ectoparasites 2- disturb humans 3- disease vectors

Question 43

what does the kissing bug a type of bed bug cause?

Answer 43

transmits Trypanosoma cruzi

Question 44

describe fleas

Answer 44

1- they are ectoparasite 2-causes dermatitis 3- immediate host for bacteria like

Question 45

what bacteria are fleas hosts for?

Answer 45

yersinia pestis

Question 46

what are types of mites?

Answer 46

1- house dust mites | 2- sarcoptic scabies

Question 47

what causes itchy eruptions on the skin[scabies]?

Answer 47

sarcoptic scabies

Question 48

what causes production and concentration of allergens?

Answer 48

house dust mites

Question 49

what are 2 things ticks cause?

Answer 49

1-produces mechanical injuries to the skin | 2-produces toxin which effect release of acetylcholine

Question 50

what is acetylcholine?

Answer 50

a neurotransmitter that is used for muscle contraction and has roles in the brain

Question 51

what is an effect of areas bitten by lice?

Answer 51

1- gets thickened | 2- gets darker

Question 52

what 3 diseases do body lice transmit?

Answer 52

1-trench fever 2- epidemic relapsing fever 3- epidemic typhus