Inflammatory Skin Diseases and Skin Tumours

Question 1

What are the common cutaneuous lesions seen in systemic disease?

Answer 1

Erythema nodosum
Acanthosis nigricans
Necrobiosis
Lipoidica
Dermatitis hepetiformis

Question 2

What is the clinical presentation of Erythema nodosum?

Answer 2

Red tender nodules on shins

Question 3

What is the clinical presentation of Acanthosis nigricans?

Answer 3

Darkened warty lesions on underarms

Question 4

What is the clinical presentation of Necrobiosis lipoidica?

Answer 4

Red and yellow plaques on legs

Question 5

What is the clinical presentation of Dermatitis hepetiformis?

Answer 5

Small

Very itchy blisters

Question 6

Which condition is dermatitis hepetiformis most commonly associated with?

Answer 6

Coeliac disease

Question 7

Which condition is Acanthosis nigrican most commonly associated with?

Answer 7

internal malignancy

Question 8

Which condition is Necrobiosis lipoidica most commonly associated with?

Answer 8

Diabetes

Question 9

Which condition is erythema nodosum most commonly associated with?

Answer 9

infection elsewhere

Esp. lungs and drugs

Question 10

Which 2 systemic diseases often have cutaneous componants?

Answer 10

Systemic Lupus erythematosum

Dermatomyositis

Question 11

What infections/diseases affect the cornea and conjunctiva?

Answer 11

Herpes Varicella Zoster - if trigeminal nerve involved
Chlamydia
Melenoma

Question 12

What disease affect the lens of the eye?

Answer 12

Cataracts

Question 13

What 5 diseases affect the retina of the eye?

Answer 13

Toxoplasma - cat faeces
Toxocara canis - dog faeces 
Retinal vascular disease: Ischemia, hypertensive, diabetes
Macular degeneration
Retinoblastoma

Question 14

What are the 3 stages of dermatitis/eczema?

Answer 14

1) Acute - red, weeping serous exudate, small vesicles may be present
2) Subactue - red, less exudate, itchy, crusting
3) Chronic - thick and leathery skin

Question 15

What is atopic dermatitis?

Answer 15

Childhood
Family history
Atopic triad
Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction

Question 16

What is contact dermatitis?

Answer 16

Irritant: direct injury to skin
Allergic: metal, dyes

Question 17

How does psoriasis present?

Answer 17

well defined
red
oval plaques
on extensor surface
fine silvery scale

Question 18

Why does psoriasis occur?

Answer 18

Massive cell turnover
Genetics
Environment - infection, stress, trauma

Question 19

What are the causes of cutaneous porphyrias?

Answer 19

Defective synthesis of haem
Inherited
Acquired - Hep C
Alcohol

Question 20

What are the signs and symptoms of cutaneous porphyrias?

Answer 20

Blisters
Scarring
Dark urine on light exposure

Question 21

What is the most common malignant skin tumour?

Answer 21

Basal cell carcinoma

Question 22

Do basal cell carcinomas metastasize?

Answer 22

No

Question 23

How does basal cell carcinomas present?

Answer 23

Early = nodule
Later = ulcer with rounded edges

Question 24

How does squamous cell carcinomas present?

Answer 24

nodules with ulcerated, crusted surface

Question 25

What is the name of a condition that is premalignant to squamous cell carcinoma?

Answer 25

Actinic keratosis

Question 26

What are the two types of melanocytic lesions?

Answer 26

Naevi (benign)

Malignant melenoma

Question 27

How do you tell the difference between naevi and malignant melanoma?

Answer 27

Naevus:
Symmetrical
Borders even
Colour uniform
Diameter 6mm

Question 28

What is the complication of toxoplasma infection in the retina?

Answer 28

Bilateral disease

Question 29

What is the complication of toxocara canis infection in the retina?

Answer 29

Localised inflammation