Inflammatory Skin Diseases and Skin Tumours Flashcards
What are the common cutaneuous lesions seen in systemic disease?
Erythema nodosum Acanthosis nigricans Necrobiosis Lipoidica Dermatitis hepetiformis
What is the clinical presentation of Erythema nodosum?
Red tender nodules on shins
What is the clinical presentation of Acanthosis nigricans?
Darkened warty lesions on underarms
What is the clinical presentation of Necrobiosis lipoidica?
Red and yellow plaques on legs
What is the clinical presentation of Dermatitis hepetiformis?
Small
Very itchy blisters
Which condition is dermatitis hepetiformis most commonly associated with?
Coeliac disease
Which condition is Acanthosis nigrican most commonly associated with?
internal malignancy
Which condition is Necrobiosis lipoidica most commonly associated with?
Diabetes
Which condition is erythema nodosum most commonly associated with?
infection elsewhere
Esp. lungs and drugs
Which 2 systemic diseases often have cutaneous componants?
Systemic Lupus erythematosum
Dermatomyositis
What infections/diseases affect the cornea and conjunctiva?
Herpes Varicella Zoster - if trigeminal nerve involved
Chlamydia
Melenoma
What disease affect the lens of the eye?
Cataracts
What 5 diseases affect the retina of the eye?
Toxoplasma - cat faeces Toxocara canis - dog faeces Retinal vascular disease: Ischemia, hypertensive, diabetes Macular degeneration Retinoblastoma
What are the 3 stages of dermatitis/eczema?
1) Acute - red, weeping serous exudate, small vesicles may be present
2) Subactue - red, less exudate, itchy, crusting
3) Chronic - thick and leathery skin
What is atopic dermatitis?
Childhood
Family history
Atopic triad
Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction
What is contact dermatitis?
Irritant: direct injury to skin
Allergic: metal, dyes
How does psoriasis present?
well defined red oval plaques on extensor surface fine silvery scale
Why does psoriasis occur?
Massive cell turnover
Genetics
Environment - infection, stress, trauma
What are the causes of cutaneous porphyrias?
Defective synthesis of haem
Inherited
Acquired - Hep C
Alcohol
What are the signs and symptoms of cutaneous porphyrias?
Blisters
Scarring
Dark urine on light exposure
What is the most common malignant skin tumour?
Basal cell carcinoma
Do basal cell carcinomas metastasize?
No
How does basal cell carcinomas present?
Early = nodule Later = ulcer with rounded edges
How does squamous cell carcinomas present?
nodules with ulcerated, crusted surface
What is the name of a condition that is premalignant to squamous cell carcinoma?
Actinic keratosis
What are the two types of melanocytic lesions?
Naevi (benign)
Malignant melenoma
How do you tell the difference between naevi and malignant melanoma?
Naevus: Symmetrical Borders even Colour uniform Diameter 6mm
What is the complication of toxoplasma infection in the retina?
Bilateral disease
What is the complication of toxocara canis infection in the retina?
Localised inflammation
