Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CP > Diabetes > Flashcards

Diabetes Flashcards

1
Q

What is diabetes?

A

Syndrome with chronic high blood glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

People with diabetes often have what else?

A

High BP

High cholesterol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the normal blood glucose level?

A

5 mmol/l

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where does insulin go to in the body when released from the pancreas?

A

Liver - 50%

Rest of the cells in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the range for HYPOglycaemia?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the range for HYPERglycaemia?

A

> 11mmol/l

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a syndrome?

A

Collection of symptoms and signs that may be due to more than one cause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of diabetes?

A

Thirst
Polyuria
Weight loss
Tiredness

Dry mouth
Weight loss
Glycosuria
Hyperglycaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What ethnic group is diabetes most commonly in?

A

Asians

Afro-Caribbeans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does the diagnosis of diabetes depend on?

A

High and randon blood glucose
Fast blood glucose > 7mmol/l

HbA1c = 48mmol/mol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the glucose tolerance test?

A

24h fast

75g of glucose given - 45 mins later blood glucose should be normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the normal HbA1c?

A

30-35mmol/l

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is type 1 (insulin dependent) diabetes?

A

Autoimmune destruction of the beta islet cells

Usually young

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What antibody tests should be undertaken for diagnosing type 1 diabetes?

A

Islet cell antibodies (ICA)
Islet antigen-2 (IA2)
GAD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Is there a family history with type 1 diabetes?

A

Often other endocrine disorders in patient/family

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA)?

A

Slower onset type 1 diabetes
Older patients
Medical/family history of related conditions e.g. Addisons, addisons ect.

17
Q

What is the criteria to quality as being type 2 diabetes?

A

Non insulin dependent (mostly)
Insulin resistant/deficient
Strong family history
Usually obese/hypertensive/hyperlipadaemic

18
Q

What is ketosis prone type 2 diabetes?

A

Ketosis occurs when physically stressed with illness
Obese
Ethnic minority
Temporarily requires insulin

19
Q

Diabetes can be secondary to what pancreatic disorders?

A

Acute/Chronic pancreatitis
Pancreatic cancer
CF
Haemochromatosis - absorb too much iron

20
Q

What drugs can induce diabetes?

A

Diuretics
Steroids
Antipsychotics e.g. Olanzapine - can also lead to weight gain

21
Q

What endocrine disorders can cause diabetes?

A

Acromegaly - ↑ growth hormone
Cushing’s syndrome - ↑ cortisol
Phaeochromocytoma - ↑ catacholamines

22
Q

What 2 genetic syndromes can cause diabetes?

A

Friedreich’s ataxia

Myotonic dystrophy

23
Q

What is gestational diabetes and what does it involve?

A

Diabetes that arises during pregnancy
Resolves after pregnancy
At risk of diabetes later in pregnancy/in the future

24
Q

What is maturity onset diabetes in the young?

A

Different to type 1 and 2 diabetes
Onset under 25
Autosomal dominant
Strong family history

CP (50 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions