Breast Pathology Flashcards
What is young breast tissue like in comparison to older breast tissue?
more glandular
more fibrous
more lumpy
USS better than mammogram in younger people for this reason
What are the significant risk factors for breast cancer?
alcohol oestrogen - high levels only radiation body fat height
What is a significantly protective factor for breast cancer?
breastfeeding
What age group is eligible for free breast screening in the UK?
every 3 years for all woman aged 50 and over
extending to 47-73
What is the triple assessment?
diagnosis for breast cancer should be done under 3 parameters with an MDT meeting:
clinically
radiologically
pathologically
What are fibroadenomas?
benign tumour
mixed connective and glandular tissue = fibroepithelial neoplasms
common
present as mobile lumps/masses - do not infiltrate
What are phyllode tumours?
rare fibroepithelial neoplasms
form a spectrum of lesions - from fibroadenomas to sarcomas (malignant)
How do fibrocystic changes occur and how do they present?
ductal hyperplasia apocrine metaplasia cysts May present as a: lump, microcalcifcation, pleated fat
What is Peau d’orange and what is it seen in?
oedema of the skin caused by cancer blocking up all the lymphatic capillaries
Inflammatory breast disease
What can be radiologically detected that can be a related to cancer?
calcification - caused by cell death releasing Ca = crystallises
What is the main type of breast carcinoma?
Ductal
What is used to stage breast tumours?
TNM
What is ER, PR and HER2 status?
Gene mutations in breast cancers
helps to target treatment
