Infectious Disease Intro

Question 1

What is the difference btw Exogenus and Endogenous bacteria?

Answer 1

Exogenuous from exposure

Endogenous from normal flora

Question 2

What are endogenous bacterial infections secondary to?

Answer 2

Alteration in tissue structure or function

Question 3

3 examples of Endogenous problems?

Answer 3

1) Perforation (Gram -)
2) Obstruction (Strep pneumoniae)
3) Alteration of host defenses (Candida)

Question 4

Highest cause of pneumonia?

Answer 4

Strep Pneumoniae

Question 5

What happens after viral infections?

Answer 5

Bacterial respiratory tract infections with normal flora due to tissue swelling and obstruction

Question 6

3 examples of organisms not commonly found in mouth, nose and oropharynx?

Answer 6

1) B-hemolytic streptococci
2) Hemophilus influenza (type B)
3) Neisseria meningitidis

Question 7

Difference between exotoxins and endotoxins?

Answer 7

Exotoxins G+ endotoxins G-

Question 8

What is the presence of capsules indicative of?

Answer 8

Evasion of innate immune and antiphagocytic processes

Question 9

What is the incubation time of hepatitis?

Answer 9

2 weeks

Question 10

Where is Staph aureus normally found?

Answer 10

Skin and mucosal surfaces

Question 11

Propagation of S. aureus?

Answer 11

Extracellular

Question 12

What toxin does S. aureus use?

Answer 12

Exotoxin, toxic shock and food poisoning

Question 13

Immune response of S. aureus?

Answer 13

Neutrophils

Question 14

Coagulase + or - for S. aureus?

Answer 14

+

Question 15

Problem with inability to produce immunoglobulin?

Answer 15

Encapsulated organisms

Question 16

Problem with cellular immunity?

Answer 16

Intracellular organisms like virsues and rickettsia

Question 17

Problem with neutrophils?

Answer 17

Staph and strep

Question 18

Problem of phagocytes?

Answer 18

Encapsulated organsisms

Question 19

Contagion based on what two principles?

Answer 19

Limit exposure and not allowing colonization to move out of areas where they are normally found

Question 20

When will patients not show typical signs and symptoms?

Answer 20

Patients with altered immune response or vascular insufficiency.

Question 21

Koch’s postulates? (4)

Answer 21

1) Organism regularly found in lesions of disease
2) Organism can be isolated as single colonies on solid medium
3) Inoculation of culture causes lesions
4) Organism can be recovered from lesions

Question 22

High virulence means what?

Answer 22

Capable of causing disease in a normal host

Question 23

Low virulence means what?

Answer 23

Capable of causing disease only in hosts with low resistance or impaired defenses

Question 24

What type of immune response is phagocytosis?

Answer 24

Non-specific