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Infectious diseases I & II > Inf. diseases II - Swine diseases (reproduction, varia) 2/2 > Flashcards

Inf. diseases II - Swine diseases (reproduction, varia) 2/2 Flashcards

1
Q

Swine erysipelas is an infectious disease of swine, caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, and is characterized by

A

sudden death, skin lesions and arthritis,

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2
Q

Causative agent of erysipelas.

A

Gram pos. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

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3
Q

Erysipelas serovars.

A

28 serovars

most common ones in pigs: 1 and 2

Non-pathogenic serovars are Erysipelothrix tonsillarum.

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4
Q

Survival of erysipelas in the environment.

A

Can survive in soil or dung for 6 months.

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5
Q

Host range of erysipelas:

A

swine,
other mammals (sheep),
birds (turkeys)

Reported worldwide.

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6
Q

Target demo. for swine erysipelas.

A

Clinical disease in growing-finishing pigs

  • <8 week-olds do not get infected due to colostral immunity.
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7
Q

Morbidity of erysipelas.

A

In unvaccinated pigs:
Morbidity 10-30%

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8
Q

Mortality of erysipelas.

A

In unvaccinated pigs:
Mortality <75%

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9
Q

Transmission of erysipelas.

A

Excretion: saliva, nasal secretions, urine, feces

Direct contact
Fomites (contaminated feed)

Route: skin abrasions, alimentary

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10
Q

Course of disease in erysipelas. (3)

A

Course: acute, subacute and chronic

Also subclinical which turns chronic.

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11
Q

Clinical signs of acute erysipelas. (3)

A

Sudden deaths

Fever, stiff walk on toes, depression, anorexia, thirst

Skin lesions – widespread discoloration of the ears, snout and abdomen, diamond-shaped skin lesions anywhere on the body

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12
Q

Clinical signs of subacute erysipelas. (3)

A

Characteristic skin lesions – may not persist more than few days.

Inappetence, mild fever

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13
Q

Clinical signs of chronic erysipelas. (2)

A

Arthritis
Endocarditis

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14
Q

Post mortem signs of erysipelas. (4)

A

Skin lesions, widespread ecchymotic hemorrhages (kidney, pleura, peritoneum), venous infarction of stomach.

Nonsuppurative proliferative arthritis

Vegetative endocarditis

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15
Q

Material for diagnosis of erysipelas. (2)

A

Blood
Tissue samples (e.g. LNs)

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16
Q

Lab analyses for diagnosis of erysipelas. (3)

A

Culture
Isolation of the organism
PCR

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17
Q

Tx of erysipelas.

A

Penicillin; tetracyclines

In 3 days – most show signs of getting better after 24h.

In chronic cases Tx is not so efficient anymore.

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18
Q

Prevention & control of erysipelas. (3)

A

Good animal husbandry,
hygiene and biosafety.

Minimize stress
Vaccination

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19
Q

Erysipelas in humans.

A

Human Erysipelas IS NOT caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae!

Causative agent: Streptococcus spp

In humans – Erysipeloid: cutaneous form (hands).

Do not get confused by the same name!

20
Q

Vesicular exanthema of swine virus (VESV) is a contagious vesicular disease of swine, caused by Vesivirus, and is characterized by s

A

fever and vesicles on snout, lips, nostrils, tongue, feet and mammary gland.

21
Q

Causative agent of Vesicular exanthema of swine virus.
genus, family etc.

A

Genus Vesivirus,
family Caliciviridae

RNA virus

22
Q

serotypes of VESV

A

Vesicular exanthema of swine virus.

13 serotypes

23
Q

Host range of Vesicular exanthema of swine virus.

A

swine

Has occurred only in US.

24
Q

Mortality of VESV.

A

Mortality 5-10% (piglets)

25
Q

Transmission of VESV.

A

Excretion: vesicle fluid; saliva, urine, feces

Direct contact
Fomites

Route: alimentary or transcutaneous

26
Q

IP of VESV.

A

IP: 24-72h

27
Q

Clinical signs of VESV.

A

High fever
Lethargy, anorexia
Lameness

Vesicles in the mouth, on the snout, on the teats and udder and on the coronary skin, the sole, the heel bulbs and between the claws.

Clinically indistinguishable from other vesicular diseases (e.g. FMD)!

28
Q

Post mortem signs of VESV.

A

Vesicles and ulcers on snout, lips, nostrils, tongue, feet and mammary glands.

29
Q

Material for diagnosis of VESV. (2)

A

Vesicle fluid
Vesicle epithelia

30
Q

Lab analyses for diagnosis of VESV. (3)

A

Virus isolation
Serology
PCR

31
Q

Tx of VESV.

A

no tx! no vaccine either.

32
Q

Prevention & control of VESV. (3)

A

During outbreak:
stamp out.

Quarantine

Avoid feeding garbage (if, then boiled)

33
Q

Swine vesicular disease (SVD) is a contagious virosis, caused by Picornavirus, that is characterised by

A

pyrexia and vesicular lesion on the snout, feet and teats.

34
Q

Causative agent of SVDV.
Genus and family etc.

A

= swine vesicular disease virus

genus Enterovirus
family Picornaviridae

RNA-virus

35
Q

Serotypes of SVDV.

A

one serotype

36
Q

Survival of Swine vesicular disease virus in the environment. (3)

A

Virus can be inactivated >70⁰C
Resistant in pH 2,5-12

Virus survives long in the environment and meat products - up to 2 years in dried, salted or smoked meat.

37
Q

Host range of Swine vesicular disease virus.

A

swine

potential zoonosis: few laboratory workers

In many countries this dz has been eradicated.

38
Q

Morbidity of Swine vesicular disease virus.

A

Morbidity <100%

39
Q

Mortality of Swine vesicular disease virus.

A

Low mortality (piglets <10%)

40
Q

Transmission of Swine vesicular disease virus.

A

Excretion:
faeces - shedding <3 months
nose and mouth
vesicle fluids

Direct contact
Indirect contact

Route: transcutaneous, transmucosal; ingestion

41
Q

Clinical signs of Swine vesicular disease virus. (3)

A

Vesicles and erosions on snout, feet and teats.

Pyrexia, lameness

42
Q

Post mortem lesions of Swine vesicular disease virus.

A

vesicles

43
Q

Material for diagnosis of Swine vesicular disease virus. (2)

A

from unruptured vesicles epithelia and fluids

44
Q

Lab analyses for diagnosis of Swine vesicular disease virus. (4)

A

virus isolation
detection of SVD viral antigen

monoclonal antibodies (ELISA)
RT-PCR for detecting viral RNA

45
Q

Prevention & control of Swine vesicular disease virus. (3)

A

movement control, prohibition of garbage feeding etc.

Vaccinate? -NO
EU strategy: “stamping out”, slaughter infected.

46
Q

IP of swine vesicular disease virus.

A

Incubation period: 2-7 days - dependent on the route of entry.

Infectious diseases I & II (33 decks)

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