Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Infectious diseases I & II > Inf. diseases II - Swine diseases (diarrhea 1/2) > Flashcards

Inf. diseases II - Swine diseases (diarrhea 1/2) Flashcards

1
Q

Primary bacterial causes of swine diarrhea. (6)

A

e. coli
salmonella spp.
clostridium perfringens

brachispyra hyodysentery
lawsonia intracellularis (ileitis)
brachispyra pilosicoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Primary viral causes of swine diarrhea. (3)

A

T.G.E. (transmissible gastroenteritis(corona))
rotavirus
circovirus (PCVII)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Primary protozoal causes of swine diarrhea. (2)

A

coccidia
balantidium coli (ciliated protozoan)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Primary parasitic causes of swine diarrhea. (2)

A

ascaris suum (round worms)
*esophagostomum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

e.coli can cause what two types of disease:

A

edema disease (ED)
postweaning diarrhea (PWD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

EDEMA DISEASE (ED) is a disease of

A

weaner and grower pigs,
caused by E. coli,
characterized by subcutaneous and sub-serosal edema, progressive ataxia, recumbency and death.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

EDEMA DISEASE (ED) is a disease of weaner and grower pigs, caused by E. coli, characterized by (4)

A

subcutaneous and sub-serosal edema, progressive ataxia,
recumbency and death.

ED and PWD can occur separately or at the same time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

POSTWEANING DIARRHEA (PWD) is a disease of the

A

post weaning period,
caused by E. coli,
characterized by diarrhea, dehydration and often death.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

POSTWEANING DIARRHEA (PWD) is a disease of post weaning period, caused by E. coli, characterized by (3)

A

diarrhea, dehydration and often death.

ED and PWD can occur separately or at the same time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Edema disease strains of e.coli produce what

A

verocytotoxins

These destroy the walls of blood vessels.

Strains: O138, O139, O141

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Postweaning disease is caused by

A

A specific serotype of enterotoxigenic E. coli

Strains: O8, O141, O147, O149, O157

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

ED and PWD target demographics

A

ED: 4-12 week weaners

PWD: 3-10 days after weaning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Morbidity of ED and PWD.

A

ED: morb 50%
PWD: morb 80-90%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Mortality rate of ED and PWD.

A

ED: mort. almost 100%

PWD: mort. 30%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which one spreads between pens, ED or PWD.

A

ED: Does not spread to others pens in the same farm.

PWD: Does spread to other pens in the same farm (within a short period).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

ED frequently occurs at what stage?

A

Sporadic dz

Frequently occurs within 1 week after the change of diet, weaning, vaccination, pen change, regrouping.

(PWD on the other hand is an endemic dz)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

ED: Outbreak duration average

A

8 days (<15 days)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Transmission of ED and PWD.

A

Excretion: feces

Ingestion

Route: fecal-oral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Clinical signs of ED. (3)

A

Incoordination of the hindlimbs, falling (CNS signs due to cranial pressure) – earliest and most obvious sign!

Edema of eyelids and conjunctiva, face is next.

Death in 6-36 hours.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Clinical signs of PWD. (5)

A

Sudden death of one or two pigs in good condition.

Severe diarrhea – watery and yellow

Fever, dehydration

Anorexia, weight loss

Death in a few days.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Post mortem signs of ED. (3)

A

Facial edema
Full stomach
Mesenteric edema

NOTE:This is the only disease with both neuro signs as well as mesenteric edema.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Post mortem signs of PWD. (4)

A

Dehydration
Serofibrinous peritonitis

Fluid-filled intestines
Mesenteric edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Material for diagnosis of ED and PWD. (2)

A

Feces
Biopsy (intestines, mesenteric LNs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Lab analyses for diagnosis of ED and PWD. (2)

A

Bacteriology – isolation of E. coli
Histology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Treatment for ED.

A

no Tx

Toxins already in bloodstream and there is no effective Tx.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Treatment for PWD. (3)

A

antimicrobials (5-7 days)

ABs in water (or food)
Electrolytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Prevention of ED and PWD. (4)

A

Good animal husbandry & minimized stress.

Diet: less protein (21%->17%), more fiber

Feeding probiotics

Good vaccination schedule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Name 2 types of spirochetoses to affect swine more commonly.

A

swine dysentery (Brachyspira hyodysenteriae)

porcine colonic spirochetosis (Brachyspira pilosicoli)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

SWINE DYSENTERY (SD) is a disease of

A

growing pigs,
caused by Brachyspira hyodysenteriae, characterized by mucohemorrhagic diarrhea.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

SWINE DYSENTERY (SD) is a disease of growing pigs, caused by

A

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae,
characterized by mucohemorrhagic diarrhea.

31
Q

SWINE DYSENTERY (SD) is a disease of growing pigs, caused by Brachyspira hyodysenteriae, characterized by

A

mucohemorrhagic diarrhea.

32
Q

Causative agent of swine dysentery.

A

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae

Previously known as Serpulina hyodysenteriae

Gram–, anaerobic, beta-hemolytic spirochete

33
Q

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae survives in what conditions? Eliminated by?

A

Survives in feces
< 48 days at 0-10°C
7 days at 25°C
24h at 37°C

Eliminated by drying and disinfection.

Phenolic and sodium hypochlorite disinfectants are most effective.

34
Q

Swine dysentery is most common in what age group?

A

Most common in 7-16-week-old age group, may also affect older and adult pigs.

35
Q

Describe the spread of swine dysentery.

A

Spread within group is slow (7-14 days), may spread to other pens of pigs over a 2-3 week period.

Tends to be persistent in herds, has cyclic occurrence (3-4 week cycle).

36
Q

Morbidity of swine dysentery.

A

Morbidity 10-75%

37
Q

Mortality of swine dysentery.

A

Mortality <50% (if not treated)

38
Q

Transmission of swine dysentery.

A

Excretion: feces

Direct contact:
Fomites
Ingestion

Route: fecal-oral

39
Q

Swine dysentery sheds for how long? Carriers?

A

Recovered pigs can become carriers -> shedding of the organism for 50-90 days.

40
Q

IP of swine dysentery

A

average 10-14 days (2 days to 3 months)

41
Q

Clinical signs of swine dysentery

A

Depression
Loss of appetite
Moderate fever

Mucohemorrhagic diarrhea
Blood in feces 2-3 days after the initial onset.

Death is due dehydration and toxemia.
Some days to weeks after initial onset of signs

Recovery in 3-4 weeks if not treated

42
Q

Post mortem lesions characteristic to swine dysentery. (4)

A

Weight loss, dehydration
Colitis and typhlitis (Typhlitis is an inflammation of the cecum)

43
Q

Material for diagnosis of swine dysentery. (1)

A

swab from colon

44
Q

Lab analyses for diagnosis of swine dysentery. (3)

A

Isolation of organism in culture
Histology
Serology (ELISA)

45
Q

Tx for swine dysentery.

A

ABs

E.g. macrolides (tylosin, lyncomycin)
Mass medication of affected group by
Treatment by water.

46
Q

Prevention of swine dysentery.

A

Good biosecurity and animal husbandry.

47
Q

Options for Eradication of swine dysentery from herd by (3)

A

Test & slaughter
Stamping out
Partial stamping out and treatment

48
Q

Typical target demo for Porcine colonic spirochetosis. At what life stage?

A

Pigs 4-12 week of age, typically 7-14 days after weaning

49
Q

Clinical signs of Porcine colonic spirochetosis

A

mucoid non-bloody diarrhea, reduced feed conversion, depression and reduced growth rate

Death is rare

50
Q

Diagnosis of Porcine colonic spirochetosis.

A

Histology: dense mat or false brush border of spirochete cells attached to the colonic epithelium.

51
Q

Porcine proliferative enteritis is also known as….? (3)

A

Porcine Intestinal adenomatosis

Proliferative hemorrhagic enteropathy

Ileitis

52
Q

PORCINE PROLIFERATIVE ENTERITIS (PPE) is an enteric disease of

A

growing-finishing and young breeding pigs, caused by Lawsonia intracellularis.

53
Q

PORCINE PROLIFERATIVE ENTERITIS (PPE) is an enteric disease of growing-finishing and young breeding pigs, caused by

A

Lawsonia intracellularis.

54
Q

Describe Lawsonia intracellularis. (4)

A

Obligate intracellular, Gram– rod

Bacteria is free in the cytoplasm of the affected enterocytes.

55
Q

Pathogenesis of Porcine proliferative enteritis

A

hyperplasia of epithelial cells of the intestinal crypts (ileum and colon)

This is reversible

56
Q

Survival of Lawsonia intracellularis in the environment.

A

Can survive in +5°C environment for 2 weeks.

57
Q

Host range for Lawsonia intracellularis. (4)

A

horses, sheep, dogs, emus and ostriches

Reservoir: birds and rodents

58
Q

Lawsonia intracellularis commonly affects what age of pig?

A

Most commonly affects 12-20 week old growing pigs.

Predisposed: large white pigs (Landrace, Estonian large white and Duroc).

Reservoir: birds and rodents

59
Q

Porcine proliferative enteritis trends in what manner? (2)

A

Sporadic disease all year around

Self-limiting (about 10 weeks)

60
Q

Morbidity of Porcine proliferative enteritis.

A

Morbidity
Herd morbidity 20-75% (<100%)
Morbidity in herds 5-20% (gilts <50%)

61
Q

Mortality of Porcine proliferative enteritis.

A

Mortality <10%

62
Q

Transmission of Porcine proliferative enteritis.

A

Excretion: feces. Up to 10 weeks

Ingestion

Route: fecal-oral transmission

63
Q

IP of Porcine proliferative enteritis.

A

2-3 weeks

64
Q

4 forms of Porcine proliferative enteritis:

A

porcine intestinal adenomatosis (PIA),
porcine hemorrhagic enteritis (PHE),

necrotic enteritis (NE) and
subclinical ileitis

65
Q

Describe the porcine intestinal adenomatosis (PIA) form of Porcine proliferative enteritis.

A

affects pigs aged 6-20 weeks
no diarrhea, mortality low
post mortem: thickened ileal wall

66
Q

Describe the porcine hemorrhagic enteritis (PHE) form of Porcine proliferative enteritis.

A

affects pigs aged over 28 weeks old
diarrhea is dark-red or black
mortality is increased
post mortem: blood clots in ileal lumen

67
Q

Describe the necrotic enteritis (NE) form of Porcine proliferative enteritis.

A

affects post-weaning aged pigs
diarrhea normal colored
mortality is increased
is one of the most common forms of porcine proliferative enteritis

68
Q

Describe the subclinical ileitis form of Porcine proliferative enteritis.

A

affects post-weaning aged pigs
diarrhea normal colored
mortality is normal
is one of the most common forms of porcine proliferative enteritis

69
Q

General clinical signs of Porcine proliferative enteritis. (4)

A

Reduction in growth rate
Fever
Weight loss
Diarrhea

Only the hemorrhagic form includes hematochezia and quick death.

70
Q

Post mortem signs of Porcine proliferative enteritis.

A

Thickened ileal wall

Hemorrhagic enteritis (blood clots) – PHE!

71
Q

Material for diagnosis of Porcine proliferative enteritis. (2)

A

fecal matter
biopsy (ileum)

72
Q

Lab diagnoses for diagnosis of Porcine proliferative enteritis. (4)

A

Hard to cultivate (requires cell culture)

PCR (Sensitivity of the method is not ideal.
Positive results are only present in animals with active lesions)

Serology (ELISA)
Histology

73
Q

Tx of Porcine proliferative enteritis.

A

ABs: Lincomycin, macrolides

Treat the whole herd, not just the sick!

74
Q

Prevention of Porcine proliferative enteritis. (2-3)

A

Good biosecurity and animal husbandry.

Vaccination
In Estonia: Enterosol Ileitis – PO

Infectious diseases I & II (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions