Industrial Revolution

Question 0

Cyclopaedia

Answer 0

Abraham Rees

Question 1

steel

Answer 1

Bessemer

Question 2

boring drill

Answer 2

John Wilkinson

Question 3

concrete

Answer 3

• Smeaton

- the idea was lost and he rediscovered it

Question 4

puddling

Answer 4

• Henry Cort

- made much purer form of iron called wrought iron

Question 5

Where was the first mill built?

Answer 5

Cromford on a stream which flows into the River Derwent

Question 6

How is coke made?

Answer 6

From coal.

Question 7

mule

Answer 7

Samuel Crompton

-spinning Jenny + Water frame

Question 8

power loom

Answer 8

Edmund Cartwright

-machine that make cloth from threads

Question 9

Spinning Jenny

Answer 9

• James Hargreaves
• worked several spindles and produced more thread
• hand operated

Question 10

Water frame

Answer 10

Richard Arkwright

-1 person did the work of 3000 hand spinners

Question 11

Flying shuttle

Answer 11

John Kay

-sped up handloom weaving

Question 12

tenter or tenterhooks

Answer 12

a structure that held fabrics for drying or other treatment in the production of woollen cloth.

Question 14

Factory Act

Answer 14

1833

• limited children under 18 to work 8 hours a day, 6 days a week.
• children under 9 could to work in textile factories.
• children 9 and under could not work more than 48 hours/week
• teenagers between 13-18 could not work more than 69 hours/week

Question 14

Ten Hours Act

Answer 14

1847

-reduced work hours to 10 hours a day.

Question 15

Mines Act

Answer 15

1842

-women and children under 10 can’t work in underground coal mines.

Question 16

Jethro Tull

Answer 16

seed drill and horse-drawn hoe

Question 17

cotton gin

Answer 17

Eli Whitney

-a machine for separating cotton from its seeds.

Question 18

steam engine

Answer 18

James Watt

-improved it*

Question 19

rocket

Answer 19

George Stephenson

-first steam powered locomotive

Question 20

Samuel Slater

Answer 20

the first to smuggle a machine into the US

Question 21

blunderbuss

Answer 21

Eli Whitney

-gun

Question 22

interchangeable gun parts

Answer 22

Eli Whitney

Question 23

firedamp

Answer 23

an explosive mixture

Question 24

How do miners check for fire damps?

Answer 24

They put a canary in and if it survives, it's safe.

Question 25

safety lamp

Answer 25

Sir Humphrey Davy

Question 26

gleaning

Answer 26

-gather (leftovers) after a harvest

Question 27

Enclosures Movement

Answer 27

- villages started to fence in their fields. - no gleaning after enclosures - farmers could practice new ideas

Question 28

Robert Bakewell

Answer 28

-breeder selectively of cattle and sheep

Question 29

British Chartists

Answer 29

- unionists | - fights for better working conditions

Question 30

hurriers

Answer 30

-boys who pushed the coal cart

Question 31

luddites

Answer 31

machine breakers

Question 32

John McAdam

Answer 32

- roads | - turnpike trust

Question 33

turnpike trust

Answer 33

private road companies that charged tolls on roads.

Question 34

trappers

Answer 34

children who open/shut trap doors in mines

Question 35

indulgences

Answer 35

-pardons for sins

Question 36

Who was the prime minister at the time of the Industrial Revolution?

Answer 36

Robert Peel

Question 37

Who created the first steam engine that pumps water from the mines?

Answer 37

Thomas Newcomen

Question 38

What did Alfred Nobel do?

Answer 38

Created the dynamite and felt guilty for how it was being used, so he presents the Nobel Peace Prize.

Question 39

Who created the first friendly factory? (school, day care, good pay, etc)

Answer 39

Robert Owen

Question 40

Who brought turnip to Britain?

Answer 40

Charles Townshend

Question 41

Why was turnip a good crop to grow?

Answer 41

- it could grow all year | - provided nitrogen to the soil

Question 42

Which reformer created the Acts?

Answer 42

Lord Shaftesbury

Question 43

Who created the 4 crop rotation (Norfolk rotation system)?

Answer 43

Charles Townshend

Question 44

Who are Commissioners?

Answer 44

Men who made checked the farms to make it legally enclosed.

Question 45

The weight of coal carried up ladders by women.

Answer 45

170 lbs.

Question 46

dreadnaughts

Answer 46

an English warship that protected British merchant ships called caravelles.

Question 48

barge

Answer 48

horse-drawn boat that carried good and people

Question 49

caravelles

Answer 49

British merchant ships

Question 50

huguenots

Answer 50

protestants

Question 51

primogeniture

Answer 51

passed to eldest (son)

Question 52

teasel

Answer 52

used to give cloths the correct finish

Question 53

corvee

Answer 53

forced labour demanded instead of taxes (on roads)

Question 54

What is laissez-faire?

Answer 54

The idea of economic individualism and free trade. (Adam Smith)

Question 55

Who builds the first factory?

Answer 55

Richard Arkwright

Question 56

Why were canals instructed?

Answer 56

To cut transportation cost for bulky items such as coal or metal ores by 75%.

Question 57

Which 4 things were used in the Norfolk rotation system?

Answer 57

wheat, turnips, barley, and clover

Question 58

What is the Royal Society?

Answer 58

Groups of philosophers who gave out prize money for the most useful and successful inventions.

Question 59

What is the Lunar Society?

Answer 59

Great thinkers of the Industrial Revolution who met to discuss scientific questions and how science could be applied to manufacturing, mining, transport education and medicine.

Question 60

Abraham Darby

Answer 60

Succeeded in smelting iron by using coke instead of charcoal.