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School > French Revolution - History 10 > Flashcards

French Revolution - History 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Voltaire

A

free speech, religious toleration, and created a new religion: Deism

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2
Q

Montesquieu

A

separation of powers, 3 syllables, and legislative, executive, and judicial

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3
Q

John Locke

A

government by popular consent, life, liberty, and property

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4
Q

Rousseau

A

direct democracy; general will; freedom, equality, justice

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5
Q

Diderot

A

created the Encyclopedia, abolished feudal society (serf)

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6
Q

Marat

A

The Friend of The People

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7
Q

Adam Smith

A

laissez-faire

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8
Q

indulgences

A

pardons for sins

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9
Q

inquisition

A

tried alleged heretics

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10
Q

clergy

A

first estate

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11
Q

simony

A

buying church titles, highest bidder wins

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12
Q

The church pay a tax every 5 years to kind called..?

A

free gift

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13
Q

primogeniture

A

inheritance going to oldest son

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14
Q

Estates General

A

ancient parliament in 1600s; (300 in each estate)

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15
Q

cahiers

A

notebooks of grievances and demands for reform.

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16
Q

nobel titles

A

lettres de patente

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17
Q

The percentage from wage the third estate paid for tax?

A

70%

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18
Q

terriers

A

written documents with feudal dues.

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19
Q

bonds

A

assignats

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20
Q

unemployment rate

A

50%

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21
Q

tithe tax

A

10% tax towards church

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22
Q

taille

A

property tax/land tax

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23
Q

vingtiemes

A

20% income tax

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24
Q

poll tax

A

tax collected for army to fight the American revolution.

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25
Q

octroi

A

tax for goods entering a TOWN/CITY.

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26
Q

gabelle

A

salt tax (7 years and up had to buy 7 lbs of salt)

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27
Q

corvee

A

forced labour work on roads instead of tax

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28
Q

King soldiers were called:

A

Kings guards

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29
Q

sans culottes

A

revolutionaries; parish soldiers

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30
Q

bastille

A

JAIL

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31
Q

excommunication

A

excluding someone from participation in sacraments and services of the church

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32
Q

divine right monarchy

A

the belief of a king ruling with God’s will. (they think they were chosen, meant to be king)

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33
Q

tax collectors

A

farmers general

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34
Q

aides

A

taxes on wine and cider

35
Q

banalities

A

use of the lord’s mill, oven, and wine press

36
Q

emigre

A

Nobles who fled during the revolution.

37
Q

Huguenots

A

Protestants; persecuted by the French; non-Catholics

38
Q

Edict of Nantes

A

allowed religious worship

39
Q

lettre de cachet

A

letters that were orders from the King

40
Q

Versailles tax

A

5%

41
Q

What was the appeal court in France called?

A

The Court of Cassation

42
Q

Tuileries

A

The palace in Paris where the King and his family were moved to after the Women’s March on Versailles.

43
Q

On a verge to escape, where was the Royal family caught?

A

Varennes

44
Q

What is France’s national anthem?

A

Marseillaise

45
Q

Who was the governor of the Bastille?

A

Bernard de Launay

46
Q

How many days wages were required to be able to vote?

A

3 days

47
Q

How many days wages were required to be able to run for the Legislative Assembly?

A

10 days

48
Q

What two groups makes up the National Convention?

A

Jacobins and Girondists

49
Q

Who wrote the Declaration of the Rights of Man?

A

Marquis de Lafayette

50
Q

What was the Declaration of Pillnitz?

A

A warning to the French revolutionaries not to contravene further on the king’s privileges and to permit his resumption of power.

51
Q

levee en masse

A

An appeal to the whole nation to help in the war effort. A national draft called all able-bodied men for army service.

52
Q

How long was the King’s veto?

A

4 years

53
Q

Noailles

A

The first Noble who stayed, stood in the National Assembly and surrendered collecting feudal dues (banalities) and taxes. (abolished feudalism)

54
Q

Charles Talleyrand

A

The first priest to say, “Take away land from the church (clergy) and emigres to distribute to the peasants. (Supported confiscation of church properties.)

55
Q

What is the Law of Self-Denying Ordinance?

A

A law stating that if one was a member of the National Assembly, they could not be in the Legislative assembly.

56
Q

suffrage

A

the right to vote

57
Q

Who led the Committee of Public Safety?

A

Robespierre

58
Q

Marie Geoffrin

A

One of Paris’ most popular salon hostesses.

59
Q

Robespierre

A

A Jacobin leader. He became a dictator and his rule was known as the Reign of Terror.

60
Q

tariff

A

A tax on goods entering a COUNTRY.

61
Q

enlightened despots

A

Absolute monarchs who used their power for the good of the people they ruled.

62
Q

Where did peasants get their guns?

A

invalides

63
Q

Where did the peasants get their gun powder?

A

Bastille

64
Q

Jacques Necker

A

Dismissed from being the Minister of Finance for the King causing the storming of the Bastille.

65
Q

franc-fief

A

A tax on transfer of feudal property (When parents die, oldest son has to pay in order to continue with land use.)

66
Q

Who controlled the Parlements?

A

King Louis and nobility.

67
Q

What was the very last government?

A

A group of five men called the Directory. It proved to be a weak government and marked the end of the French Revolution.

68
Q

Who were the two most prominent Jacobins?

A

Danton and Robespierre

69
Q

France was divided in __ departments.

A

83

70
Q

Napoleon Bonaparte

A

Overthrows the Directory, becoming the supreme ruler of France.

71
Q

What did the French steal at the invalides?

A

28000 arquebuses (guns)

72
Q

republic

A

A country with no monarchy.

73
Q

Who were Jacobins?

A

Parisian radicals who demanded the execution of the King.

74
Q

What was the slogan and battle cry of the French Revolution?

A

Liberty, Equality, Fraternity!

75
Q

What is the Tennis Court Oath?

A

A protest against the Estates General on behalf of the Third Estate demanding concessions in their favour.

76
Q

What is the Declaration of the Rights of Man?

A

States that the government belonged to the people as a whole. “Natural rights” of liberty and equality.

77
Q

What does the Committee of Public Safety do?

A

They make reforms, organize national army, executes opponents during the Reign of Terror and bring wage and price controls.

78
Q

What is the Civil Constitution of the Clergy?

A

A law that stated that bishops and priests were to be elected by popular vote and paid by the government.

79
Q

What is the Law of Maximum?

A

wage and price controls.

80
Q

Who was the king at the start of the French Revolution?

A

King Louis XVI

81
Q

How many days of wages had to be paid to run for National Assembly?

A

10

82
Q

Before the Committee of Public Safety, who could vote?

A

People who owned property and paid 6 livres.

83
Q

Who was voting rights extended to in the Committee of Public Safety?

A

male citizens who paid at least 3 days wages.

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