Bio - Unit 1, Chapter 2

Question 1

Define the Scientific Method

Answer 1

A logical approach to the solution of problems or unanswered question.

Question 2

What does the Scientific Method consist of?

Answer 2

1) Recognize problem
2) Collect info
3) Make a hypothesis
4) Do an experiment
5) Observations and Data
6) Conclusion

Question 3

What are the two groups a proper experiment should have?

Answer 3

Control group and Experimental group

Question 4

What is a Control Group?

Answer 4

Used to compare, all variables are kept constant (the same).

Question 5

What is an Experimental Group?

Answer 5

The test group which you change one variable.

Question 6

Define variable

Answer 6

Any factor that influences an experiment.

Question 7

What are the two types of observations?

Answer 7

Quantitative and Qualitative

Question 8

Define quantitative.

Answer 8

Observations that have a measurement. (number with units, eg. mass, speed, length, volume)

Question 9

Define qualitative.

Answer 9

Observations that are descriptive, and do not have a number. Eg. colour, smell, state

Question 10

Define placebo.

Answer 10

A fake pill

Question 11

What is using both a control and experimental group called?

Answer 11

A “double blind study”.

Question 12

What is a theory?

Answer 12

When something is proven to be true.

Question 13

What is the Cell Theory?

Answer 13

2 main ideas:

1) all living things are made up of cells
2) all cells come from pre-existing cells.

Question 14

What is the Theory of Evolution?

Answer 14

The idea that populations change over long periods of time to suit the environment. (natural selection)

Question 15

What are prokaryotic cells?

Answer 15

Cells that do not have a nucleus (bacteria).

Question 16

What are eukaryotic cells?

Answer 16

Cells that do have a nucleus. (Plants and Animal Cells)

Question 17

What are chromosomes?

Answer 17

DNA, genetic information.

Question 18

What does a mitochondria do?

Answer 18

Makes energy for the cell.

Question 19

What does the nucleus do?

Answer 19

It’s the control centre of the cell.

Question 20

What does a ribosome do?

Answer 20

Produce protein.

Question 21

What does a cell membrane do?

Answer 21

Controls what enters and leaves the cell.

Question 22

What do vacuoles do?

Answer 22

Storage sites in the cells (food, waste, etc.)

Question 23

What is cytoplasm?

Answer 23

Liquid inside the cell.

Question 24

In a plant cell, what is chloroplast?

Answer 24

Photosynthesis. (green)

Question 25

What does a cell wall do?

Answer 25

Structure and support.

Question 26

What is LM? (microscopes)

Answer 26

Light Microscope

Question 27

What is TEM? (microscopes)

Answer 27

Transmission Electron Microscope (shows inside structures of cells).

Question 28

What is SEM?

Answer 28

Scanning Electron Microscope (shows surface structures of cells)

Question 29

What does a light microscope do?

Answer 29

Focuses light onto the specimen and uses the glass lens to magnify it.

Question 30

What do electron microscopes do?

Answer 30

Use a beam of electrons to create an image. (magnifies better than light microscopes)

Question 31

Define field study

Answer 31

Study of an organism in their natural environment.

Question 32

Define lab study

Answer 32

Controlled experiments in a lab

Question 33

What is electrophoresis?

Answer 33

Used to separate molecules of a mixture using electricity. (DNA tests)

Question 34

What is a Centrifuge?

Answer 34

A tool that separates mixtures by spinning them at high speed.

Question 35

Define tissue cultures.

Answer 35

When large amounts of a single type of cell is grown in a lab.

Question 36

What is cell fractionation used to study?

Answer 36

organelles

Question 37

What is chromatography used to study?

Answer 37

The components of a mixture of gas or liquid.

Question 38

Define hypothesis

Answer 38

a reasonable expectation of the solution to the problem.