Bio 20 Unit 2 - Part 3, Ecology *FINAL*

Question 1

Define community

Answer 1

A group of different species living together in a specific area.

Question 2

Define ecosystem

Answer 2

The interactions between a community of organisms and they non-living environment.

Question 3

Define symbiosis

Answer 3

Relationships between different organisms in which they rely on each other in some way for survival.

Question 4

What are the five types of symbiosis?

Answer 4

Predation
Parasitism
Mutualism
Commensalism
Competition

Question 5

Define predation

Answer 5

The predator consumes the prey

Question 6

Define parasitism

Answer 6

The parasites live in or on the host. The host provides the food for the parasite. The parasite usually does not kill the host.

Question 7

Define mutualism

Answer 7

Both organisms benefit from the relationship.

Question 8

Define commensalism

Answer 8

One organism benefits and the other organism is not affected.

Question 9

Define competition

Answer 9

When organisms compete for the necessities of life, such as food, water mates, sunlight, etc.

Question 10

What are the two types of competition?

Answer 10

Intraspecific and interspecific.

Question 11

What is intraspecific competition?

Answer 11

Competition between organisms of the same species.

Question 12

What is interspecific competition?

Answer 12

Competition between organisms of different species.

Question 13

Define habitat

Answer 13

Where an organism lives in an ecosystem (location).

Question 14

Define niche

Answer 14

The way in which an organism interacts with the ecosystem (role/job).

Question 15

Define ecotone

Answer 15

The boundary between different communities.

Question 16

Define diversity

Answer 16

The number of different species in an area.

Question 17

The greater the diversity, the more _______ the ecosystem.

Answer 17

stable

Question 18

Define succession

Answer 18

When the community of organisms changes over time.

Question 19

What is primary succession?

Answer 19

When a community begins where no community existed before.

Question 20

What is secondary succession?

Answer 20

When a community re-grows after it has been destroyed (from fire, tornado, hurricane, tsunami, avalanche, etc..)

Question 21

Define biomes

Answer 21

A large region of the world with a unique climate and distinct plants and animals.

Question 22

What factors contribute to the climate if a region?

Answer 22

Latitude, location on a continent, local land forms

Question 23

Define latitude

Answer 23

Distance north/south of the equator

Question 24

What are the 3 main zones of the Earth according to the latitude?

Answer 24

Tropical (0-23 degrees N or S of the equator.)
Temperate (23.5 - 66.5 degrees N or S)
Polar (66.5-90 degrees N or S)

Question 25

How is location on a continent a factor to the climate of a region?

Answer 25

Further inland, the less rainfall and yearly temperatures have a greater change.

Question 26

The climate of an area determines the types of _____, and the _____ determine the types of _____. All three combine to form a _____.

Answer 26

plants, plants, animals

Question 27

flora

Answer 27

plant life

Question 28

fauna

Answer 28

animal life

Question 29

What are the 7 major types of biomes?

Answer 29

• Tropical Rainforest
• Deciduous forest
• Coniferous Forest
• Savanna
• Desert
• Tundra
• Grassland

Question 30

What are the 5 main zones of the ocean?

Answer 30

Intertidal
Neritic
Photic
Aphotic
Benthuc

Question 31

What is the intertidal zone?

Answer 31

Along the shore, covered by water for only part of the day.

Question 32

What is the neritic zone?

Answer 32

Continental shelf
Shallow coastal area, 
0-200 km from shore 
most life forms because light fills the zone.
0-100 m in depth
-coral reefs

Question 33

What is the photic zone?

Answer 33

• top 200m of the deep ocean

- many life forms because light penetrates area

Question 34

What is the aphasic zone?

Answer 34

• below 200m of deep ocean

- few life forms because of lack of light

Question 35

What is the benthic zone?

Answer 35

• deep ocean bottom
• no light
• life forms feed on dead life that sank or chemicals from volcanic vents (chemosynthesis)