IMMUNOLOGY - Adaptive and Humoral Immunity

Question 1

The activity of NK cells is enhanced by which immunomodulators? (3)

Answer 1

IFN-gamma, IFN-beta, IL-12

Question 2

NK cells kill viral or bacterial cells?

Answer 2

viral

Question 3

what is the antibody-independent NK response to viruses? (3 steps)

Answer 3

(1) Normal cells express MHC-1 and activation ligand receptors, which NK cells have receptors for - MHC-1 receptor inhibits NK cell activation

(2) In Virus infected cells, MHC-1 receptors are downregulated, and so NK receptors are activated

(3) NK cells release perforin and granzymes which lyse target cells and induce apoptosis

Question 4

What is the pathway of antibody-mediated NK cell response? (3)

Answer 4

1) NK cells express receptors for the Fc region of IgG (CD16 and CD56 receptors)

2) When antigen is attached to IgG, the Fc portion goes towards CD16 receptor of NK cell and NK cell becomes activated

3) NK cell induces destruction of antibody - antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity

Question 5

The activity of NK cells is enhanced by which immunomodulators? (3)

Answer 5

IFN-gamma, IFN-beta, IL-12