ANATOMY - Iris Flashcards

1
Q

What is the root of the iris?

A

Insertion of the iris to the ciliary body and it is thinnest here.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is iridodialysis?

A

At the thinnest point, root of the iris becomes detached and causes a D shaped pupil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the diameter of the iris?
What is the diameter of the pupil?

A
  1. 12mm
  2. 3-4mm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the thickness of the iris?

A

0.5mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the collarette of the iris?

A

2mm from pupillary margin is a zig zag line which divides anterior iris into 2 zones (ciliary and pupillary zone) and represents attachment of pupillary membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the important structures of the ciliary zone/outer zone of the iris (2)

A

Radial streaks correspond to radial streaks and become wavy when pupil is dilated
Contraction furrows are faint lines parallel to colarratte
Crypts : absent anterior layers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the layers of the iris (4)

A
  1. Anterior limiting membrane
  2. Stroma
  3. Anterior pigmented epithelium
  4. Posterior pigmented epithelium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is contained in the anterior limiting layer?

What substance can penetrate through this?

A

Consists of melanocytes and fibroblasts - decides the colour of the iris.
—> thin/few melanocytes - blue iris
—-> thick/many melanocytes - brown/black iris

This layer is absent in crypts and thin in furrows

Aqueous can penetrate through this layer into the stroma as it is not a true epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What happens in iris heterochromia / Fuch’s uveitis? (2)

A

Progressive atrophy of the anterior layer and stroma of iris –> loss of iris colour

Transillumination defects
Blurring of iris crypts (darker individuals)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is contained within the iris stroma ? (6)

A

1 Network collagen
2. Ground substance
3. Sphincter Pupillae
4. Dilator Pupillae
5. Vessels and nerves
6. Pigment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where is sphincter pupillae derived from?
Where is dilator pupillae derived from?

A

Sphincter - ectoderm
Dilator - myoepithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the nerve supply of the sphincter and dilator pupillae?

A
  1. SPHINCTER - parasympathetic post-ganglionic fibres of third nerve via short ciliary nerve
  2. DILATOR - sympathetic cervical chain via long ciliary nerve
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where is the sphincter pupillae located?
Where is the dilator pupillae located?

A

Sphincter - pupillary zone (inner zone)
Dilator - Ciliary zone near iris root

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the main vessels of the iris?
What characteristics do they have? (2)

A

Radial branches of major arterial circle, responsible for formation of radial furrows

1) Lack internal elastic lamina
2) Have non fenestrated endothelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is contained within the anterior epithelium of the iris?

A

Pigmented layer containing origin of dilator pupillae muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is contained within the posterior pigmented epithelium of the iris

A

At pupillary margin, forms the pupillary frill and meets anterior epithelium

17
Q

What is the difference between seclusio pupillae and occlusio pupillae?

A

Seclusio - 360 degrees synechiae
Occlusio - 360 degrees synechiae with lens not visible (fibrin formation)

18
Q

What is the function of the iris capillaries?

A

Form the major site of blood-aqueous barrier.

19
Q

What is the structure of iris capillaries (3)

A

1) Non-fenestrated
2) connected by tight junctions
3) have thickened basal lamina strengthened by perivascular collagenous hyalinised layers

20
Q

What’s the difference in epithelium of the iris and ciliary body?

A
  1. Both bilayered. Only iris has both epithelia pigmented, ciliary body has outer layer pigmented,inner layer is not pigmented