Human Reproduction Flashcards
Testes
Produce sperm
Store sperm
Make testosterone
Scrotum
Maintains testes at 35 degrees
Epididymis
Stores and matures sperm cells
Sperm duct/Vas Deferens
Transports sperm from testis to urethra
Prostate gland
Nourishes sperm
Seminal Vesicle
Produces seminal fluid
Urethra
Carry sperm and urine through penis
Sperm
Produces in testes by meiosis
0-7 days
Oestrogen
Repairs endometrium
Stimulates LH
Inhibits FSH
Progesterone
Maintains endometrium
Inhibits LH
Inhibits FSH
Testosterone
Causes male secondary sexual traits
Triggers formation of primary male sexual traits
FSH
Stimulates meiosis
Causes sperm and egg to be produced
Causes formation of Graafian follicle
LH
- Stimulates the production of testosterone
- Causes ovulation
- Inhibits the production of oestrogen
- Stimulates the production of progesterone
Infertility
Inability to produce offspring
MALE INFERTILITY
CAUSE: Low sperm count - lack of FSH
Treatment: Inject FSH
Changes in Ovary
- Graffian follicle forms oestrogen
- Matures and moves to surface of ovary
- Bursts to release an egg
- Enlarges and moves to ovary to become corpus luteum to form progesterone
Menstrual Cycle
28 days 1. FSH 2. Oestrogen 3. LH 4. Progesterone Day 28: Corpus Luteum stops producing progesterone. Uterus contracts
Day 1-5
Endometrium Sheds
Copulation
Coupling, the act of sexual union or intercourse
Day 7 of Pregnancy
Implantation
Gestation
The length of time the baby spends in the uterus
Benefits of Breadtfeeding
Balance of nutrients for baby
Supplies antibodies
Less chance of infection from breast milk than bottle
Natural Contraception
Intercourse is avoided on days around ovulation
Mechanical Contraception
Condom over penis
Diaphragm in vagina
Chemical Contraception
- Contraceptive poll contains oestrogen and progesterone to prevent eggs from forming
- Spermicides kill sperm
Surgical Contraception
Sperm duct is cut and tied - vasectomy
Fallopian tube is cut and tied - tubal ligation
