Chapter 24: Kingdom Plantae

Question 1

Node

Answer 1

Points on a stem where new branches and leaves develop

Question 2

Internode

Answer 2

Region between nodes where no branching occurs

Question 3

Axillary Bud

Answer 3

Junction between petiole and stem

e.g. leaf bud

Question 4

Apical bud

Answer 4

Tip of a plant or tip of a branch

e.g. flower bud

Question 5

Function of roots

Answer 5

Anchors, absorbs
Food source
Support

Question 6

Types of roots

Answer 6

Tap
Fibrous
Adventitious

Question 7

Tap root

Answer 7

Main root with smaller roots growing from it
Dandelion
Carrot

Question 8

Fibrous root

Answer 8

Many smaller roots growing from main plant
Glass
Clovers

Question 9

Adventitious root

Answer 9

Smaller roots grow from anywhere on the stem or branches of the plant
Ivy
Bryan trees

Question 10

Function of the stem

Answer 10

Support the aerial parts of the plant
Storage (stem tubar of a potato)
Photosynthesis

Question 11

Monocots

Answer 11

• 1 cotyledon
• Parallel veins
• Long, narrow leaf
• Scattered vascular bundles
• Flower parts in multiples

Question 12

Dicots

Answer 12

• 2 cotyledon
• Netted veins
• Broad leaf
• Vascular bundles in rings
• Flower parts in four or five

Question 13

Function of leaves

Answer 13

Photosynthesis
Transpiration
Food storage, e.g. cabbage

Question 14

Lenticels

Answer 14

Opening of the leaf that allows for gaseous exchange

Question 15

Xylem tracheids

Answer 15

Tapered ends
Pits present
Lignified walls
Separate cells

Question 16

Xylem vessels

Answer 16

Cylindrical cells
Connected end-to-end
Form a piping system 
Lignified walls for strength
Pits (lateral movement of water)

Question 17

Longitudinal section of phloem

Answer 17

Elongated sieve elements to allow movement of materials

Companion cell controls sieve tube

Question 18

Cotyledon

Answer 18

Embryonic seed leaf

• Direct food source

Question 19

Meristem

Answer 19

Unspecialized tissues continuously dividing by mitosis

Question 20

Daytime

Answer 20

Plant photosynthesizes and excrete oxygen through stomata

Question 21

Night

Answer 21

No photosynthesis and excretes carbon dioxide

Question 22

Bud

Answer 22

An undeveloped shoot

Question 23

Different Parts of a Plant

Answer 23

Zone of Protection
Zone of Cell Production (mitosis)
Zone of Elongation (growth regulators)
Zone of Differentiation