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JMU Tests and Quizzes > HTH 100 Chapter 10 Key Terms > Flashcards

HTH 100 Chapter 10 Key Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Down Syndrome

A

Genetic disorder caused by presence of extra chromosome resulting in mental disabilities and distinctive physical characteristics

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2
Q

Preconception Care

A

Medical care received prior to becoming pregnant that helps a woman assess and address potential health issues

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3
Q

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG)

A

Hormone detectable in blood or urine samples of mothers within the 1st few weeks of pregnancy

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4
Q

Trimester

A

A 3-month segment of pregnancy

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5
Q

Embryo

A

Fertilized egg from conception through 8th week of development

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6
Q

Fetus

A

Developing human from 9th week until birth

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7
Q

Placenta

A

Network of blood vessels connected to the umbilical cord that transports oxygen and nutrients to developing fetus and carries away fetal wastes

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8
Q

Teratogenic

A

Causing birth defects; may refer to drugs, environmental chemicals, radiation, or diseases

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9
Q

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)

A

Pattern of birth defects, learning, and behavioral problems in a child caused by the mother’s alcohol consumption during pregnancy

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10
Q

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)

A

Sudden death of infant under 1 year old for no apparent reason

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11
Q

Toxoplasmosis

A

Disease caused by an organism found in cat feces that, when contracted by pregnant women, may result in stillbirth or birth defects

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12
Q

Ultrasonography (Ultrasound)

A

Common prenatal test that uses sound waves to create a visual image of a developing fetus

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13
Q

Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS)

A

Prenatal test that involves snipping tissue from the fetal sac to be analyzed for genetic effects

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14
Q

Triple Marker Screen (TMS)

A

Common maternal blood test that can be used to identify certain birth defects and genetic abnormalities in a fetus

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15
Q

Amniocentesis

A

Medical test in which a small amount of fluid is drawn from the amniotic sac to test for Down syndrome and other genetic abnormalities

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16
Q

Amniotic Sac

A

Protective pouch surrounding the fetus

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17
Q

Cesarean Section (C-section)

A

Surgical birthing procedure in which a baby is removed through an incision made in the mother’s abdominal wall and uterus

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18
Q

Preeclampsia

A

Pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure, protein in the urine, and edema

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19
Q

Miscarriage

A

Loss of the fetus before it is viable; also called spontaneous abortion

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20
Q

Ectopic Pregnancy

A

Dangerous condition that results from the implantation of a fertilized egg outside the uterus, usually in a fallopian tube

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21
Q

Stillbirth

A

Death of fetus after 20th week of pregnancy but before delivery

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22
Q

Postpartum Depression

A

Mood disorder experienced by women who have given birth; involves depression, fatigue, and other symptoms that last for weeks or months

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23
Q

Infertility

A

Inability to conceive after a year or more of trying

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24
Q

Endometriosis

A

Disorder in which endometrial tissue establishes itself outside uterus

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25
Q

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

A

Inflammation of female genital tract that may cause scarring or blockage of the fallopian tubes, resulting in infertility

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26
Q

Low Sperm Count

A

Sperm count below 20 million sperm per milliliter of semen

27
Q

Alternative Insemination

A

Fertilization procedure accomplished by depositing semen from partner or donor into vagina via a thin tube

28
Q

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)

A

Fertilization of egg in nutrient medium and subsequent transfer back to mother’s body

29
Q

Fertility

A

Person’s ability to reproduce

30
Q

Contaception

A

Methods of preventing conception

31
Q

Conception

A

Fertilization of ovum by sperm

32
Q

Birth Control

A

Methods that reduce likelihood of conception or childbirth

33
Q

Perfect-Use Failure Rate

A

Number of pregnancies (per 100 users) likely to occur in the 1st year of a particular birth control method if the method is used consistently and correctly

34
Q

Typical-Use Failure Rate

A

Number of pregnancies (per 100 users) likely to occur in the 1st year of use of particular birth control method is method’s use is not consistent or always correct

35
Q

Barrier Methods

A

Contraceptive methods that block the meeting of egg and sperm by means of a physical barrier (such as a condom), a chemical barrier (such as a spermicide), or both

36
Q

Hormonal Methods

A

Contraceptive methods that introduce synthetic hormones into a woman’s system to prevent ovulation, thicken cervical mucus, or prevent a fertilized egg from implanting

37
Q

Intrauterine Methods

A

Contraceptive methods that insert device into uterus to either introduce synthetic hormones ot interfere with sperm movement or egg fertilization

38
Q

Behavioral Methods

A

Temporary or permanent abstinence or planning intercourse in accordance with fertility patterns

39
Q

Permanent Methods

A

Surgically altering a man’s or woman’s reproductive system to permanently prevent pregnancy

40
Q

Vaginal Contraceptive Film

A

Thin film infused with spermicidal gel that’s inserted into vagina so as to cover the cervix

41
Q

Diaphragm

A

Latex, cup-shaped device designed to cover cervix and block access to uterus; should always be used with spermicide

42
Q

Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)

A

Rare, potentially life-threatening disease that occurs when specific bacterial toxins multiply and spread to bloodstream, usually through improper use of tampons, diaphragms, or cervical caps

43
Q

Cervical Cap

A

Small cup made of silicone that is designed to fit snugly over entire cervix; should always be used with spermicide

44
Q

Contraceptive Sponge

A

Contraceptive device containing nonoxynol-9 and made of polyurethane foam that fits over cervix to create barrier against sperm

45
Q

Oral Contraceptives

A

Pills containing synthetic hormones that prevent ovulation by regulating hormones

46
Q

Xulane

A

Patch that releases hormones similar to those in oral contraceptives; each patch is worn for 1 week

47
Q

NuvaRing

A

Soft, flexible ring inserted into vagina that releases hormones similar to those in oral contraceptives; each ring worn for 3 weeks

48
Q

Depo-Provera, Depo-subQ Provera

A

Injectable method of birth control that lasts for 3 months

49
Q

Nexplanon (Implanon)

A

A plastic capsule inserted into woman’s upper arm that releases a low dose of progestin to prevent pregnancy

50
Q

Intrauterine Device (IUD)

A

A device, often T-shaped, that is inserted in the uterus to prevent pregnancy

51
Q

Withdrawal

A

Contraceptive method that involves withdrawing the penis from the vagina before ejaculation; also called coitus interruptus

52
Q

Dental Dam

A

Square of latex used as barrier between mouth and

woman’s genitals to protect from vaginal fluids

53
Q

Fertility Awareness Methods (FAMs)

A

Several types of birth control that require alteration of sexual behavior rather than chemical or physical intervention in the reproductive process

54
Q

Sterilization

A

Permanent fertility control achieved through surgical procedures

55
Q

Tubal Ligation

A

Sterilization of women that involves cutting and tying off or cauterizing fallopian tubes

56
Q

Hysterectomy

A

Surgical removal of uterus

57
Q

Vasectomy

A

Male sterilization procedure that involves cutting and tying off the vasa deferentia

58
Q

Emergency Contraceptive Pills (ECPs)

A

Drugs taken within 3 to 5 days after unprotected intercourse to prevent pregnancy

59
Q

Abortion

A

Termination of pregnancy by expulsion or removal of embryo or fetus from uterus

60
Q

Suction Curettage

A

Abortion technique that uses gentle suction to remove fetal tissue from the uterus; also called vacuum aspiration or dilation and curettage

61
Q

Dilation and Evacuation (D&E)

A

Abortion technique that uses a combination of instruments and vacuum aspiration

62
Q

Intact Dilation and Extraction

A

Late-term abortion procedure in which the body of the fetus is extracted up to the head and then the contents of the cranium are aspirated

63
Q

Medical Abortion

A

Termination of a pregnancy during the 1st 9 weeks using hormonal medications that cause embryo to be expelled from uterus

JMU Tests and Quizzes (47 decks)

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