HTH 100 Ch. 1 Flashcards
Mortality
The proportion of deaths to population
Life Expectancy
Expected number of years of life remaining at a given age, such as at birth
Chronic Disease
A disease that typically begins slowly, progresses, and persists, with a variety of signs and symptoms that can be treated but not cured by medication
Healthy Life Expectancy
Expected number of years of full health remaining at a given age, such as at birth
Health-Related Quality of Life
Assessment of impact of health status-including elements of physical, mental, emotional, and social function-on overall quality of life
Health
The ever-changing process of achieving individual potential in the physical, social, emotional, intellectual, spiritual,and environmental dimensions
Medical Model
A view of health in which health status focuses primarily on the individual and a biological or diseased-organ perspective
Ecological or Public Health Model
A view of health in which disease and other negative health events are seen as a result of an individual’s interaction with his or her social and physical environment
Disease Prevention
Actions or behavior designed to keep people from getting sick
Health Promotion
The combined educational, organizational, procedural, environmental, social, and financial supports that help individuals and groups reduce negative health behaviors and promote positive change
Risk Behaviors
Actions that increase susceptibility to negative health outcomes
Wellness
The achievement of the highest level of health possible in each of several dimensions
Determinants of Health
The range of personal, social, economic, and environmental factors that influence health status
Health Disparities
Differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and burden of diseases and other health conditions among specific population groups
Belief
Appraisal of the relationship between some object, action, or idea and some attribute of that object, action, or idea
Health Belief Model (HBM)
Model for explaining how beliefs may influence behaviors
Social-Cognitive Model (SCM)
Model of behavior change emphasizing the role of social factors and thought processes (cognition) in behavior change
Transtheoretical Model
Model of behavior change that identifies six distinct stages people go through altering behavior patterns; also called the stages-of-change model
Motivation
A social, cognitive, and emotional force that directs human behavior
Self-Efficacy
Belief in one’s ability to perform a task successfully
Locus of Control
The location, external (outside oneself) or internal (inside oneself), that an individual perceives as the source and underlying cause of events in his or her life
Shaping
Using a series of small steps to gradually achieve a particular goal
Modeling
Learning specific behaviors by watching others perform them
Imagined Rehearsal
Practicing, through mental imagery, to become better able to perform a task in actuality
Countering
Substituting a desired behavior for an undesirable one
Situational Inducement
Attempts to influence a behavior through situations and occasions that are structured to exert control over that behavior
Self-Talk
The customary manner of thinking and talking to yourself, which can affect your self-image
Positive Reinforcement
Presenting something positive following a behavior that is being reinforced
Relapse
A return to a previous pattern of negative behavior after a period of time successfully avoiding that behavior
