HTH 100 Ch. 13 Flashcards
Drugs
Nonfood, non-nutritional substances that are attended to affect the structure or function of the mind or body through chemical action
Psychoactive Drugs
Drugs that affect brain chemistry and have the potential to alter mood or behavior
Oral Ingestion
Intake of drugs through the mouth
Inhalation
The inhalation of drugs through the respiratory tract
Injection
The introduction of drugs into the body via a hypodermic needle
Transdermal
The introduction of drugs through the skin
Suppositories
Mixtures of drugs in a waxy medium designed to melt at body temperature after being inserted into the anus or vagina
Receptor Sites
Specialized areas of cells and organs where chemicals, enzymes, and other substances interact
Polydrug Use
Use of multiple medications, vitamins, recreational drugs, or illicit drugs simultaneously
Synergism
Interaction of two or more drugs that produces more profound effects than would be expected if the drugs were taken separately; also called potentiation
Antagonism
A type of interaction in which two or more drugs work at the same receptor site so that one blocks the action of the other
Inhibition
A drug interaction in which the effects of one drug are eliminated or reduced by the presence of another drug at the same receptor site
Intolerance
A type of interaction in which two or more drugs produce extremely uncomfortable reactions
Cross-tolerance
Development of a tolerance to one drug that reduces the effect of another similar drug
Drug Misuse
Use of a drug for a purpose for which it was not intended
Drug Abuse
Excessive use of a drug
Stimulants
Drugs that increase activity of the central nervous system
Amphetamines
A large and varied group of synthetic agents that stimulate the central nervous system
Caffeine
A stimulant drug that is legal in the United States and found in coffee, tea, chocolate, energy drinks, and certain medications
Marijuana
Chopped leaves and flowers of Cannibis indica or Cannibis sativa plants (hemp); a psychoactive stimulant
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
The chemical name of the active ingredient in marijuana
Depressants
Drugs that slow down the activity of the central nervous system and muscular systems and cause sleepiness or calmness
Benzodiazepines
A class of central nervous system depressant drugs with sedative, hypnotic, and muscle relaxant effects; also called tranquilizers
Barbiturates
Drugs that depress the central nervous system, have sedative and hypnotic effects, and are less safe than benzodiazepines
Opioids
Drugs that induce sleep, relieve pain, and produce euphoria; includes derivatives of opium and synthetics with similar chemical properties; also called narcotics
Opium
The patent drug of the opioids; made from the seedpod resin of the opium poppy
Endorphins
Opioid-like hormones that are manufactured in the human body and contribute to natural feelings of well-being
Hallucinogens
Substances capable of creating auditory or visual distortions and unusual changes in mood, thoughts, and feelings
Club Drugs
Synthetic analogs that produce similar effects of existing drugs
Inhalants
Chemical vapors that are sniffed or inhaled to produce highs
Anabolic Steroids
Artificial forms of the hormone testosterone that promote muscle growth and strength
Ergogenic Drugs
Substances believed to enhance athletic performance
