HTH 100 Ch. 11 Flashcards
Binge Drinking
A pattern of drinking alcohol that brings BAC to 0.08 gram-percent above; corresponds to consuming five or more drinks (adult male) or four or more drinks (adult female) in 2 hours
Ethyl Alcohol (Ethanol)
Addictive drug produced by fermentation that is in the intoxicating substance in alcoholic beverages
Fermentation
Process in which yeast organisms break down plant sugars to yield ethanol
Distillation
Process in which alcohol vapors are condensed and mixed with water to make hard liquor
Proof
Measure of the percentage of alcohol in a beverage; the proof is double the percentage of alcohol in the drink
Standard Drink
Amount of any beverage that contains about 1.4 grams of pure alcohol
Blood Alcohol Consumption (BAC)
The ratio of alcohol to total blood volume; the factor used to measure the physiological and behavioral effects of alcohol
Learned Behavioral Tolerance
The ability of heavy drinkers to modify behavior so they appear to be sober even when they have high BAC levels
Hangover
Physiological reaction to excessive drinking, including headache, upset stomach, anxiety, depression, diarrhea, and thirst
Congeners
Forms of alcohol that are metabolized more slowly than ethanol and produce toxic by-products
Alcohol Poisoning (Acute Alcohol Intoxication)
Potentially lethal BAC that inhibits the brain’s ability to control consciousness, respiration, and heart rate; usually occurs as a result of drinking a large amount of alcohol in a short period of time
Cirrhosis
The last stage of liver disease associated with chronic heavy alcohol use, during which liver cells die and damage becomes permanent
Alcoholic Hepatitis
Condition resulting from prolonged use of alcohol in which the liver is inflamed; can be fatal
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)
Birth defect involving physical and mental impairment that results from the mother’s alcohol consumption during pregnancy
Pregaming
Drinking heavily at home before going out to an event or other location
Drunkorexia
A colloquial term to describe the combination of disordered eating, excessive physical activity, and heavy alcohol consumption
Alcohol Abuse
Use of alcohol in a way that interferes with work, school, or personal relationships or that entails violations of the law
Alcoholism (Alcohol Dependence)
Condition in which personal and health problems related to alcohol use are severe, and stopping alcohol use results in withdrawal symptoms
Alcohol Use Disorder
Refers to problem drinking so severe that at least two or more alcohol-related issues are present, such as engaging in risky behaviors, having problems at work or school, or issues with relationships
Delirium Tremens (DTs)
State of confusion, delusions, and agitation brought on by withdrawal from alcohol
Intervention
A planned confrontation with an alcoholic led by a professional counselor in which family members and/or friends try to get the alcoholic to face the reality of his or her problem and to seek help
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)
Organization whose goal is to help alcoholics stop drinking, includes auxiliary branches such as Al-Anon and Alateen
