HTH 100 Ch. 17 Flashcards
Carcinoma in situ
Localized, non-invasive carcicoma
5-Year Relative Survival Rates
The percent of people alive (usually 5 years)after diagnosis divided by the percentage expected to survive with the absence of cancer based on normal life expectancy
Remission
Meaning the cancer is responding to treatment and under control
Comorbidities
The presence of other illnesses at the same time and other conditions that might affect treatment outcomes
Cancer
A large group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells
Metastasize
To spread from one area to different areas of the body
Neoplasm
A new growth of tissue that results from uncontrolled, abnormal cellular development and serves no physiological function
Tumor
A neoplasmic mass that grows more rapidly than surrounding tissue
Malignant
Very dangerous or harmful; refers to a cancerous tumor
Benign
Harmless; refers to a noncancerous tumor
Biopsy
Removal and examination of a tissue sample to determine if a cancer is present
Mutant Cells
Cells that differ in form, quality, or function from normal cells
TNM Staging System
A system for classifying cancer staging by assessing tumor size, nodal involvement, and degree of metastasis
Carcinogens
Cancer-causing agents
Oncogenes
Suspected cancer-causing genes present on chromosomes
Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA)
An antigen found in prostate cancer patients
Pap Test
A procedure in which cells taken from the cervical region are examined for abnormal cellular activity
Magnetic Resonance Training (MRI)
A device that uses magnetic fields, radio waves, and computers to generate an image of internal tissues of the body for diagnostic purposes without the use of radiation
Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT) Scan
A scan by a machine that uses radiation to view internal organs not normally visible in X-rays
Stereotactic Radiosurgery
A type of radiation therapy that can be used to zap tumors; also known as gamma knife surgery
Radiotherapy
The use of radiation to kill cancerous cells
Chemotherapy
The use of drugs to kill cancerous cells
Survivorship
Physical, psychological, emotional, and economic issues of cancer for diagnosis until the end of life
