Homeostatisch Mechanisms, Hormones, and Reproduction Flashcards
Homeostasis
When Conditions (Temperature, pH, water balance, sugar levels, etc) of an organism are within acceptable ranges.
Homeostasis is Achieved by the…
Autonomic Nervous Systems…Sympathetic and Parasympathetic nervous systems by a process called Feedback Control. (For example causing you to sweat when you are hot)
Feedback Response
The production of some counter force that ensures Homeostasis
Gametogenesis
Gamet formation
Zygote
Egg cell + Sperm cell
Spermatogenesis
Sperm formation
Primary Spermatocytes
Formed from Spermatogonia. The diploid cell that performed meioses to make secondary spermatocytes
Secondary Spermatocytes
2 duplicated haploid chromosome cells.
Spermatids
Secondary spermatocytes after meiosis II
Spermatids develop to become
Sperm Cells
Oogenesis
The process of egg cell creation. It also produces 3 Polar Bodys
Primary Oocytes
The beginning of an egg cell that is put through meiosis I to create secondary Oocyte
Secondary Oocyte
One of the two cells formed from meiosis I preforming on primary Oocytes. The other is the polar body
Polar Bodies
Useless small cells made in Oogenesis
Egg Cell
Produced when meioses is preformed on a Secondary Oocyte
Cleavage
Zygote Cell divisions
Morula
A cluster of the first few cells formed from the Zygote
Blastula
Hollow sphere shape. 2cd step in zygote maturation
Gastrula
Gastrulation makes a two-layered, cup shape
Ectoderm
Outer layer of gastrula tube which will form into endocrine glands and nervous system
Gastrula tube
Formed after Gastrula
Endoderm
Precursor of gut lining and accessory structures
Mesoderm
Forms muscles and organs and skeletal, circulatory, respiratory, Reproductive, and excretory systems
Germ Layers
The three layers (Ectoderm, Endoderm, Mesoderm)
Extraembyronic Membranes
Membranes that are not a part of the embryo itself that are formed by Germ Layers
Chorion
Outermost membrane surrounding the embryo. Regulates the passage of gases and water from the embryo to its surrounding environment
In egg-laying vertebrates, the Chorion lies in contact with the …
Innermost surface of the shell
Uterus
Organ that holds embryo
Amnion
Amniotic fluid-filled sac enclosing the embryo
Amniotic Fluid
Cushions embryo, helps keep temperatures constant, and keeps amnionic membrane from sticking to the developing embryo
Allantois
Arises from the developing digestive tract and becomes part of the Umbilical Cord. Contains blood vessels which function to exchange gases and nutrients between embryo and mother,
In egg-laying reptiles, the Allantois is a reservoir for…
Wastes
The Allantois fuses with the Chorion forming the…
Chorioallantoic Membrane
Chorioallantoic Membran
Regulates gas exchanges through the shell
Yolk Sac Membrane
Outer membrane that is close to the uterus. Formed from developing digestive tract and becomes part of umbilical cord
Yolk Sac
Inside of Yolk Sac Membrane. Stores nutrients for use by the embryo.
Placenta
Outer cells of the embryo and inner cells of the uterus combine to form it. It is the site of transfer for nutrients, water, and wastes between their blood vessels.
Hormones
Chemicals produced in the endocrine glands which travel through the circulatory system to specific targeted organs where they modify metabolic activities.
A hormone is manufactured in response to a particular…
Stimulus
Steroid
Sometimes a Type of hormone
