DNA

Question 1

DNA consists of…

Answer 1

Nucleotides: Deoxyribose (sugar with 5 carbons), Phosphate group, and two Nitrogenous Bases (Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, and Cytosine) bonded together by a Hydrogen Bond. GC stick together and At stick together.

Question 2

The sugar in DNA is…

Answer 2

Deoxyribose

Question 3

The sugar in RNA is…

Answer 3

Ribose

Question 4

Watson-Crick model is…

Answer 4

Double-Helix

Question 5

In RNA…

Answer 5

Thymine is replaced with Uracil

Question 6

Protein Sythisis has two steps:

Answer 6

Transcription and Translation

Question 7

In Transcription:

Answer 7

DNA unwinds to allow mRNA to line up a complimenting copy of the DNA.

Question 8

In Translation…

Answer 8

mRNA is brought to ribosomes where tRNA is waiting with its Anticodons. tRNA’s anticodons attach to the Codons on the mRNA in a certain order forming peptide bonds between amino acids which string together to make proteins.

Question 9

Genome:

Answer 9

The sum total of genetic information

Question 10

Gene:

Answer 10

A length of DNA that encodes a particular protein

Question 11

The function of one protein, or the function of a group of proteins:

Answer 11

Trait

Question 12

Post-Transcriptional processing

Answer 12

Prepares the mRNA for protein synthesis by removing the non-coding sequences

Question 13

Codons

Answer 13

Each unit of three nucleotides in mRNA

Question 14

Anticodons

Answer 14

Each unit of three nucleotides in tRNA

Question 15

tRNA is a chain of about how many nucleotides?

Answer 15

80

Question 16

Ribosomes are a structure of

Answer 16

proteins and rRNA

Question 17

Regulatory genes

Answer 17

regulate when other genes start or stop encoding proteins, which in turn produce specific traits.

Question 18

Structural genes

Answer 18

code proteins that form organs and structural characteristics

Question 19

DNA Unwinding in DNA Replication is aided by the Enzyme…

Answer 19

Helicase

Question 20

DNA Unwinding in DNA Replication so that both strands can be replicated is aided by the Enzyme…

Answer 20

Helicase

Question 21

The Enzyme (BLANK) moves along an unwounded strand in DNA Replication and aids in the collection of nucleotides which are complementary to the parent strand:

Answer 21

DNA polymerase

Question 22

Mutation can occur in the DNA Replication process by:

Answer 22

Random error, exposure to certain chemicals, or exposure to radiation. (yeah, like in godzilla)

Question 23

The genetic makeup of bacteria can be change through one of two processes:

Answer 23

Transduction and Transformation

Question 24

Transformation:

Answer 24

The transfer of a DNA segment from a non-fuctional donor cell to bacteria

Question 25

Transduction:

Answer 25

A transfer of genetic material to bacteria that is conducted by a virus that invades that bacteria (bacteriophage).