Homeostasis Flashcards
1
Q
Themes in physio
A
- structure and functions are closely related
- living organisms need E
- info flow coordinates body function
- homeostasis maintains internal stasis
2
Q
Homeostatis helps maintain:
A
- temp
- pH
- glucose levels
- calcium levels
- osmolarity
- b.p.
- protein conformation
- optimal enzyme function
3
Q
Def of homeostasis:
A
maintenance of stable internal environment within healthy range despite change to outside environment
4
Q
2 major control systems:
A
- nervous system
- endocrine system
5
Q
Basic components needed for nervous and endocrine system:
A
- sensors
- controllers
- effectors
6
Q
Functions of sensors:
A
- monitor regulated variables (pH/temp)
- compares level to set point
- sends signal to controller
7
Q
Functions of controllers:
A
- CNS or endocrine gland
- responds to receptor signal
- sends message to effectors to return toward homeostasis
8
Q
Functions of effectors:
A
- muscles, glands, specialized cells
- responds to signals from controller
- corrects imbalances / adj body function to meet current needs
9
Q
Nervous system:
A
- sends signal via nerves
- transmitted by electrical impulses
- neurotransmitters send chem signal via synapse
- fast response
- local response
- short term regulation
10
Q
Endocrine system:
A
- sends signal via hormones
- transmitted by hormones from endocrine glands
- hormones sent via blood from effector organs
- slow response
- widespread effect
- long term regulation
11
Q
Negative feedback:
A
- most common
- controllers stimulate effectors to return to normal
- example: blood sugar regulation
12
Q
Positive feedback:
A
- controllers move system farther from set point
- example: contractions during child birth
13
Q
Levels of control:
A
- cellular: DNA to RNA to proteins
- local (small area): cell factors, paracrine reactions
- systemic (large area): CNS, endocrine
14
Q
levels of organization from smallest to largest?
atoms, organism, molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organelles, organ system
A
- atoms
- molecules
- organelles
- cells
- tissues
- organs
- organ system
- organism
15
Q
Cells are the _____ of life
A
basic unit
