Henry Vii foreign Policy Flashcards
Where was Henry in exile and who did he owe gratitude to
Henry vii was in France during his exile with Bishop Richar Fox (who Henry made keeper of the privy seal) and he owed gratitude to Francis, who had sheltered him during his exile.
When was the Treaty of Redon signed and who was it signed by
February 1489 between England and Brittany ( in particular Anne of Burgundy).
Terms of the Treaty of Redon (3 points)
- Henry agreed to send 6000 troops to help Anne defend Brittany.
- In return, Anne agreed to pay for the English troops and pledged not to marry or form alliances without Henry’s consent.
- Henry sent over 3000 troops ( less than agreed showing he feared antagonising France, as seen when he sent a letter of apology to France).
When was the Treaty of Dordrecht signed and who was it signed by
Signed in Feb 1489 with Maximillian (HRE)
Terms of the Treaty of Dordrecht
- Henry agreed to send 3000 troops to help Maximillian’s army who were under seige from Flemish and Trench forces.
- Maximillian did not hold up to his end of the dealmad did not send troops to help Henry in Brittany.
- Instead Maximillian made peace with France.
When was the Treaty of Medina Del Campo signed and who was it signed by
March 1489, Henry and Spain joined forces
Terms of the Treaty of Medina Del Campo
- Spain and England agree to go to war vs France.
- Marriage between Catherine of Aragon and Arthur Tudor agrred (takes place in 1501, Athur dies in 1502).
- Treat becomes less favourable after death of Isabella of Castille in November 1504 and Ferdinand of Aragon lost major part of Spain, Castille.
How much money did Henry raise for his war vs France
£181,500 from parliamentary tax adn benevolences (forced loans). War with France could leave him open to Yorkist threats e.g. Perkin Warbeck.
When was the Treaty of Etaples signed and who was it signed by
September 1492 after planning a short winter camaign vs France( who were at war with Italy)
How many people died in the Battle at Bolougne during the short winter campaign
12 people
Terms of the Treaty of Etaples
- £159,000 French pension paid to Henry as compensation.
- In return, England removed its tropps from French soil, except Calais.
- Henry returned home portraying himself as a hero.
- Brittany had been lost, but Ftrance was now closed to Yorkist and this was a more tangable benefit to Henry.
When did Isabella of Castille die
Novemeber 1504
What happend to Isabella of Castilles land when she died
Ferdinand of Aragon lost Castille to his eldest daughter Joanna, who was married to Phillip of Burgundy ( in an area of the HRE).
Which country did the English cloth trade depend upon
Burgundy
When was the Intercursus Magnus signed and who was it signed by
February 1496 after Phillip of Burgundy washed up on the English coastline unexpectidly.
Terms of Magnus Intercursus
- Used washing up of Phillip of Burgundy to get more favourable trading terms.
- Forced Phillip to give up Edmund De La Pole, the Earl of Suffolk.
- Allowed English merchants to trade in any port of Phillip of Burgundy’s land , apart from Flanders.
- Merchants given fast, fair justice and effective arrangments put in place to settle disputes.
- Confirmed by Phillip in 1499.
- Basis for trading from then on.
When was the League of Cambrai and how was part of it.
What was its purpose.
Set up in 1506. Henry was excluded from the Holy League. Involved France, Spain and the HRE. Aimed to attack Venice. By 1506 Henry's health was failing and he no longer sough for glory from his foreign policy.
When was the Truce of Ayton signed and who was it signed by
September 1497 with Scotland. It brought a close to the conflict.
When was the Treaty of Perpeptual Peace signed and who was it signed by. How did it help improve anglo-scotish relations.
Signed in 1502, further improved relations with the marriage alliance of James IV and Margrate Tudor, Henry’s daughter, which took place in 1503.
However, the treaty was less successful than the name suggests as boarder raids continued and Franco- Scottish allainces grew stronger ( France and Scotland were traditional allies where as English and Scotland were traditional enemies).
Navigation Acts when and why
1485 and 1489
To ecourage trade of English merchants using English ships. Certain products could only be exported via English ships. However, its success was limited as by 1509 only half of the English ex;ports were carried out on English ships.
Problems with Medina Del Campo
Arthur dies 1 year after marriage to Catherine of Aragon. Dies in 1502. Became less appealing of an alliance after issabellas death and Ferdinands loss of Castille to his eldest daughter Joanna in 1504.
Poyning’s Law when and what
Introduced in 1495. Allowed Henry to control Irish nobles, as they can’t pass laws in Ireland without the King’s approval.
Treaty of Blois when and what
Signed in 1505, made peace between Ferdinand and Louis xii of France. Ferdinad marries Louis xii’s neice, Germaine of Foix
Treaty of Windsor when and what
Passed in 1506.
Between England and Burgundy, which led to the Intercursus Malus of 1506 (which was agreed but never passed).
Earl of Suffolk returned to England (removing a Yorkist threat).
Proposed the marriage alliance of Henry VII and Phillip’s sister, Archduchess Margaret. Joanna and Phillip are rulers of Castille and parts of Burgungy/land in HRE.
Phillip died soon after leaving Henry VII isloated.
When was the Intercursus Malus signed and who by
1506 by Phillip of Burgundy
Why was the Intercursus Malus never fully ratified and what happens due to this
Failed to the weakness of Phillip Duke of Burgundy and never became fully operative. As a result of this trading relationships had been restored in the basis of the Intercursus Magnus by the next year
Henry’s main foreign policy aims
- Remain financially solvent/ increase crown finanace
- Establish/develop trade and defend Englsih trade interests
- Defend England’s interests
- Secure the Tudor dynasty vs Yorkist threats
- Defending England/establishing control
- Maintain goof relations w/ foreign powers by forming alliances
- Gain international recognition of Tudor Dynasty
