Hematology - Histological Slides Flashcards
Myeloid Lineage
Cell Types 1 to 3 should be seen in the ____ ______ only!
Myeloid Lineage
Cell Types 1 to 3 should be seen in the Bone Marrow only!
*These are Myeloblast, Promyelocyte and Myelocyte
Hematology - Important cells
What type of cell is Indicated by the number - 1 ?
Hematology - Important cells
1 - Monocyte
Erythrocyte Alterations
What type of Alteration is indicated by the arrow?
What could be the cause?
Erythrocyte Alterations
Sickle cell - Molecular aggregation of Hgb‐S
Etiology -
- SS; SC; S‐thal; rarely S‐trait
* There is also a Nucleated RBC unrelated to the question
Erythroid Lineage
What type of cell is Indicated by the number - 2 ?
Erythroid Lineage
2 = Basophillic Erythroblast
Atypical Lymphocytes - Smudge Cells
In what pathological conditions can we see these?
Atypical Lymphocytes - Smudge Cells
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - CLL
Erythroid Lineage
What type of cell is Indicated by the number - 5 ?
Erythroid Lineage
5 = Reticulocyte
Atypical Lymphocytes - Downey Cells
In what pathological conditions can we see these?
Atypical Lymphocytes - Downey Cells
Infectious Mononucleosis - EBV Infection
Erythroid Lineage
What type of cell is Indicated by the number - 1 ?
Erythroid Lineage
1 = Proerythroblast
Erythroid Lineage
Cell types 1 to 4 should be seen only in the ____ ______!
Erythroid Lineage
Cell types 1 to 4 should be seen only in the Bone Marrow!
**Proerythroblast, Basophillic Erythroblast, Polychromatic Erythroblast and Orthochromatic Eryhtroblast!
Hematology - Important cells
What type of cell is Indicated by the number - 4 ?
Hematology - Important cells
4 - Megakaryocyte
Hematology - Important cells
What type of cell is Indicated by the number - 8 ?
Hematology - Important cells
8 - Plasma cells
Myeloid Lineage
What type of cell is Indicated by the number - 3 ?
Myeloid Lineage
3 = Myelocyte
Döhle bodies
In what pathological conditions can we see these?
*aid in ddx?
Döhle bodies
- an abnormal basophilic structure in the cytoplasm
- Seen in Leukemoid reaction helps in ddx from CML
Erythrocyte Alterations
What type of Alteration is indicated by the arrow?
What could be the cause?
Erythrocyte Alterations
Elliptocytes/ovalocytes -Abnormal cytoskeletal proteins
Etiology -
- Megaloblastic anemia
- Hereditary elliptocytosis
Hematology - Important cells
What type of cell is Indicated by the number - 9 ?
Hematology - Important cells
9 - Mast cell
Myeloid Lineage
What type of cell is Indicated by the number - 6 ?
Myeloid Lineage
6 = Segmented cell
*Neutrophill in this case
Microcytic Hypochromic Anemia ‐ IDA
What are the alterations possible here?
Microcytic Hypochromic Anemia ‐ IDA
- Anisocytosis
- Poikilocytosis
- Anulocytosis
- Target cells
Hematology - Important cells
What type of cell is Indicated by the number - 2 ?
Hematology - Important cells
2 - Lymphocyte
Erythrocyte Alterations
What type of Alteration is indicated by the arrow?
What could be the cause?
Erythrocyte Alterations
Tear drop cells - Distorted, drop shaped RBCs
Etiology -
- Smear artifact
- Myelofibrosis
- space occupying processes of the bone marrow (e.g. metastases)
Myeloid Lineage
What type of cell is Indicated by the number - 2 ?
Myeloid Lineage
2 = Promyelocyte
Erythrocyte Alterations
What type of Alteration is indicated by the arrow?
What could be the cause?
Erythrocyte Alterations
Stomatocyte - Mouth-like Membrane defect
Etiology -
- Smear artifact
- Hereditary stomatocytosis
Myeloid Lineage
What type of cell is Indicated by the number - 4 ?
Myeloid Lineage
4 = Metamyelocyte
Erythrocyte Alterations
What type of Alteration is indicated by the arrow?
What could be the cause?
Erythrocyte Alterations
Target cells - Hemoglobinopathies
Etiology -
- Thalassemia
- Obstructive liver disease
- Iron deficiency anemia
Erythrocyte Alterations
What type of Alteration is indicated by the arrow?
What could be the cause?
Erythrocyte Alterations
Schistocytes (helmet cells)- Fragmented RBCs
Etiology -
- DIC; TTP; HUS
- Vasculitis
- Prosthetic heart valve
- Severe burns
Auer Rod
In what Pahtological conditions this phenomena happens?
Auer Rod
- Myeloid Leukemias: AML, acute promyelocytic leukemia, and high-grade MDS and MPN.
* There are other Myeloid leukemias like CML that dont present this
Erythrocyte Alterations
What type of Alteration is indicated by the arrow?
What could be the cause?
Erythrocyte Alterations
Echinocytes (Burr cells) - Altered lipid in cell membrane
Etiology -
- Uremia
- Piruvate‐kinase deficiency
- Aged transfused RBC
Erythrocyte Alterations
What type of Alteration is indicated by the arrow?
What could be the cause?
Erythrocyte Alterations
Howell Jolly body (Nuclear remnant)
Etiology -
- Megaloblastos anaemia
- Splenectomy or spleen hypofunction
- Sever hemolytic anemia
- Herediter spherocytosis
Hematology - Important cells
What type of cell is Indicated by the number - 3 ?
Hematology - Important cells
3 - Foam cell
Hematology - Important cells
What type of cell is Indicated by the number - 5 ?
Hematology - Important cells
5 - Adipocyte (Yellow Marrow)
What type of cell is circled in red?
Proerythroblast
Myeloid Lineage
What type of cell is Indicated by the number - 1 ?
Myeloid Lineage
1 = Myeloblast
Erythroid Lineage
What type of cell is Indicated by the number - 3 ?
Erythroid Lineage
3 = Polychromatic Erythroblast
Erythrocyte Alterations
What type of Alteration is indicated by the arrow?
What could be the cause?
Erythrocyte Alterations
Spherocyte (Absent central pallor - Looks smaller)
Etiology -
- Hereditary spherocytosis
- Immune hemolytic anemia
Erythroid Lineage
What type of cell is Indicated by the number - 4 ?
Erythroid Lineage
4 = Orthochromatic Erythroblast
Erythrocyte Alterations
What type of Alteration is indicated by the arrow?
What could be the cause?
Erythrocyte Alterations
Malaria - Plasmodium vivax
Erythroid Lineage
What type of cell is Indicated by the number - 6 ?
Erythroid Lineage
6 = Erythrocyte
Erythrocyte Alterations
What type of Alteration is indicated by the arrow?
What could be the cause?
Erythrocyte Alterations
Basophilic stippling (Precipitated RNA)
Etiology -
- Lead or heavy metal poisoning
- MDS
- Sideroblastic anemia
Myeloid Lineage
What type of cell is Indicated by the number - 5 ?
Myeloid Lineage
5 = Band cell
Megaloblastic Anemia
What are the alterations possible here?
Megaloblastic Anemia
- Macro‐ovalocytic
- Polychromasia
- Hypersegmented neutrophils
- Howell‐Jolly bodies
Hematology - Important cells
What type of cell is Indicated by the number - 7 ?
Hematology - Important cells
7 - Osteoclast
Myeloid Lineage
Cell Types 4 to 6 can be seen in the ____ ______ and ________!
Myeloid Lineage
Cell Types 4 to 6 can be seen in the Bone Marrow and Periphery!
*These are Metamyelocyte, Band and Segmented cells
Erythroid Lineage
Cell types 5 and 6 can be seen in the ____ ______ and ________!
Erythroid Lineage
Cell types 5 and 6 can be seen in the Bone Marrow and Periphery!
**Reticulocytes and RBCs
Hematology - Important cells
What type of cell is Indicated by the number - 6 ?
Hematology - Important cells
6 - Osteoblast
(the left 6 indicates large lymphocytes)
What type of cell is circled in red?
Band cell
