Health promotion, wellness, and disease prevention

Question 1

discuss the impact of health promotion and disease prevention on health and wellness

Answer 1

these all work to keep people healthy by providing information and resources to enable informed decision making

Question 2

discuss the impact of personal beliefs and other factors on health status

Answer 2

can affect the health outcomes by shaping a client’s acceptance and adherence to recommended lifestyle changes and prescribed treatment

Question 3

health promotion

Answer 3

• the process of enabling people to increase control over and improve their health
  
  • the actions taken by nurses, health care workers, and others to empower clients to take control over their own health habits for a healthier life

Question 4

what may health promotion involve

Answer 4

the nurse giving information or resources to the clients about a topic of interest so that the clients can act or make informed decisions about their health
- example may be education focused on reducing the incidence of heart disease

Question 5

wellness

Answer 5

a positive state of health
- the actions taken by individuals to achieve their fullest potential for complete, holistic health

Question 6

disease prevention

Answer 6

Specific, population-based and individual-based interventions for primary and secondary (early detection) prevention, aiming to minimize the burden of diseases and associated risk factors

Question 7

how does the World Health Organization define health promotion

Answer 7

the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve their health

Question 8

what is an example of effective health communication

Answer 8

sharing actual clients courageous real-life stories of the long-term consequences of tobacco addiction

Question 9

health education

Answer 9

Learning experiences that are designed to improve the health of an individual or community through increased knowledge or by influencing attitudes.

Question 10

how can health education be effective

Answer 10

is must be written and presented at a level that the client can easily grasp and understand

Question 11

the foundational principles of the healthy people program

Answer 11

• Provide a framework that focuses on foundational principles, the development of overarching goals, constructing a plan of action, and providing history and context that will promote healthy habits of Americans for the next decade.
• Provide public access to a collection of data on American health trends and issues for the past 10 years.
• Provide tools for health professionals to use with clients and in communities.
• Offer interactive access so that members of the public can use this information.

Question 12

A nurse is preparing to give a presentation to a group of clients in the community about Healthy People. The nurse knows that which of the following options should be included

Answer 12

goals and objectives for healthy habits

Question 13

health outcomes

Answer 13

A nurse is preparing to give a presentation to a group of clients in the community about Healthy People. The nurse knows that which of the following options should be included

Question 14

example of self care: knowledge and health literacy

Answer 14

Increase one’s understanding and knowledge of health, wellness, and disease.

Question 15

example of self care: mental well-being and self-awareness

Answer 15

Implement measures to improve one’s life satisfaction and an awareness of one’s own health status.

Question 16

example of self care: physical activity

Answer 16

Participate in a moderate level of exercise several times a week at regular intervals.

Question 17

example of self care: healthy eating

Answer 17

Consume an appropriate caloric intake of nutritious foods.

Question 18

example of self care: risk avoidance

Answer 18

Receive vaccinations, practice safe sex, avoid tobacco use, and limit alcohol intake.

Question 19

example of self care: good hygiene

Answer 19

practice handwashing, dental hygiene, and washing foods prior to consumption

Question 20

workplace conditions may produce what?

Answer 20

physical and mental strain, and result in back injuries, relationship problems, or coping issues. The added responsibility of caring for children and families when nurses are not working often contributes to a cycle of fatigue and poor self-care for these professionals.

Question 21

risk factors are a condtion?

Answer 21

a condition that increases the likelihood of developing a disease or altered health condition

Question 22

modifiable risk factor

Answer 22

behaviors and actions that can affect a client’s risk for developing a disease

Question 23

WHO identified what 3 common modifiable risk factors responsible for the development of the majority of chronic diseases

Answer 23

an unhealthy and excessive diet, lack of physical exercise, use of tobacco products

Question 24

nonmodifiable risk factors

Answer 24

• risk factors that cannot be changed
  
  • include age, gender, ethnicity/race, and family history

Question 25

when do health concerns with the environment arise

Answer 25

• when these environmental have issues related to poor indoor air quality, heating, and sanitation. Electrical and fire hazards, structural safety, presence of lead paint

Question 26

what are some indoor effects that lead to respiratory diseases

Answer 26

lead paint, cockroaches, mice, radon (gas)

Question 27

socioeconomic factors

Answer 27

• poverty; more likely to report poor health, and have higher rates of stroke, heart disease, diabetes, and other chronic diseases

Question 28

culture

Answer 28

the learned, shared, and transmitted values, beliefs, norms, and lifeways of a particular group that guides their thinking, decisions, and actions in patterned ways

Question 29

the client is?

Answer 29

ultimately the decision make regarding care, but family members may still play a vital role in desicions

Question 30

prevention

Answer 30

the action of stopping something from happening

Question 31

primary prevention

Answer 31

• the act of intervening before negative health effects occur
  
  • focuses on decreasing the risk for development of medical conditions by changing behaviors or minimizing exposures.

Question 32

secondary prevention

Answer 32

• to reduce the impact of disease or injury, and limit disability

Question 33

tertiary prevention

Answer 33

• an inclusive group of activities nurses can utilize to promote one’s mental health and overall well-being
• can include education about self-care to prevent further complications
• can also include rehabilitation

Question 34

quaternary prevention

Answer 34

• focuses on protecting clients from the excessive use of medical interventions that can cause more harm than good

Question 35

example of primary prevention

Answer 35

• teaching bicycle safety to school age children
• discussing the prevention of sexually transmitted infections with a community group
• distributing brochures about heart health at a center for older adults

Question 36

examples of secondary prevention

Answer 36

• checking all clients for depression at well client checkups
• scheduling a client for a screening for prostate cancer

Question 37

examples of tertiary preventions

Answer 37

• leading a support group for clients who have post-traumatic stress disorder
• nutritional counseling for a client who has diabetes mellitus
• implementing bladder retraining with a client who has a spinal cord injury

Question 38

A nurse is developing a program to target obesity in the community. Identify how the nurse can incorporate primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention into this program.

Answer 38

Primary prevention - Encourage healthy eating habits and exercise to prevent clients from becoming obese. Secondary prevention - Check the weight and body mass index (BMI) of clients at each well checkup to screen for obesity. Tertiary prevention - Counsel clients who are obese on weight loss programs.

Question 39

As a nurse, what are some health screenings you can think of to incorporate into your clients’ comprehensive health plans?

Answer 39

Health screenings are a form of secondary prevention that should be incorporated into your clients’ comprehensive health plans. Examples of health screenings include: Mammography to screen for breast cancer Cholesterol blood test to screen for high cholesterol Back exam to screen for scoliosis Hearing and vision to screen for sensory deficits or changes Colonoscopy to screen for colon cancer Blood glucose test to screen for diabetes mellitus

Question 40

n the scenario, the nurse identifies that the client’s blood pressure is elevated. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Answer 40

• Ask the client about a family history of high blood pressure.
• Refer the client for a follow-up with their primary care provider.
• Identify if the client has risk factors for heart disease.
• Discuss a heart-healthy lifestyle with the client.
• Provide the client with information about high blood pressure.

Question 41

A nurse is teaching a client about the benefits of a healthy diet and regular exercise to achieve weight loss. Which of the following topics is the nurse teaching to the client?

Answer 41

health promotion

Question 42

A nurse is teaching a group of guardians about primary prevention techniques. Which of the following topics should the nurse include as an example of primary prevention?

Answer 42

taking measures to decrease the rick of childhood injuries within the home

Question 43

A nurse is teaching a client about the International Self-Care Foundation’s seven pillars of self-care. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Answer 43

“I will perform moderate exercise several times each week”

Question 44

A nurse at a hospital is interviewing a newly admitted client. The client tells the nurse they would like to adhere to their cultural beliefs during their hospitalization. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to provide the client with culturally competent care? (Select all that apply.)

Answer 44

• Listen to the client’s request with respect and compassion
• reassure the client that they can practice their cultural beliefs if safe to self and others
• provide resources to meet the client’s cultural needs

Question 45

A nurse is teaching a client about modifiable risk factors to their health. Which of the following should the nurse include as an example of a modifiable risk factor?

Answer 45

tobacco use

Question 46

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for an antihypertensive medication.

Answer 46

tertiary prevention

Question 47

A nurse at a clinic is providing free blood pressure screenings for clients. Which of the following levels of health prevention is the nurse demonstrating?

Answer 47

secondary prevention

Question 48

A nurse is discussing the Healthy People initiative with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following information should nurse include?

Answer 48

the program focuses on providing goals and data for improved public health

Question 49

A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about health literacy. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Answer 49

a client’s comprehension of education can be affected by low health literacy

Question 50

A nurse is caring for a client who reports an improved diet, exercising 30 min a day for 5 days a week, and an overall sense of improved health. The nurse should identify that the client is describing a positive state of health known as which of the following?

Answer 50

wellness

Question 51

A home health nurse is visiting a client who lives in an older home and is concerned about their child’s exposure to lead paint in the house. The nurse should identify that which of the following is a potential health risk from exposure to lead paint?

Answer 51

learning disabilities
- can cause lower IQ, difficulty with speech, and issues with muscle coordination

Question 52

A nurse is speaking to a client who smokes tobacco and has a child living in the home. The nurse should identify that the child’s exposure to second-hand smoke is an example of which of the following types of risk factors?

Answer 52

environmental

Question 53

A nurse is preparing to administer an influenza vaccine to a client. The client states that they understand being immunized will help protect them against the influenza virus. Which of the following concepts is the nurse demonstrating by administering the vaccine?

Answer 53

disease prevention