Head And Neck - Dry Room (Week 3) Flashcards
What four bones articulate to form the pterion?
Frontal, parietal, temporal, sphenoid
What structures pass through the foramina of the cribriform plate?
Olfactory (I)
What structures pass through the optic foramen?
Optic nerve (II)
What structures pass through the superior orbital fissure?
CN III, IV, V1 and VI along with ophthalmic veins
What structures pass through the foramen rotundum?
CN V2 (remember round max)
What structures pass through the foramen ovale?
CN V3
What structures pass through the foramen spinosum?
Middle meningeal artery and vein (+ meningeal branch of mandibular nerve)
What structures pass through the foramen lacerum?
Nerve of pterygoid canal
Some emissary veins, ascending pharyngeal artery
What structures pass through the carotid canal?
ICA and carotid plexus
What structures pass through the internal acoustic foramen?
Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII), facial nerve (VII) and labyrinthine artery
What structures pass through the jugular foramen?
Glossopharyngeal, vagus and accessory nerves (IX, X, XI ) and internal jugular vein
What structures pass through the hypoglossal foramen?
Hypoglossal nerve
What structures pass through the foramen magnum?
Brainstem, vertebral arteries, spinal roots of accessory nerve
Starting from the internal occipital protuberance, trace the course of grooves on the internal surface of the skull
Running laterally from the internal occipital protuberance is the groove of the transverse sinus, then it continues as an S-shaped groove of the sigmoid sinus before it drains through the jugular foramen as the internal jugular vein
What depression in the floor of the sphenoid bone houses the pituitary gland?
Sella turnica
What processes line the anterior and posterior of the sella turnica?
Anterior and posterior clinoid processes
What is the function of the anterior and posterior clinoid processes?
Serve as attachments for the dura mater called tentorium cerebelli
What structure occurs on the lateral aspects of each sella turnica?
Grooves for the cavernous sinuses
What foramen lies immediately anterior to the groove of the cavernous sinus?
Superior orbital fissure
What muscles attaches to the medial pterygoid plate?
Constrictor pharyngis superior
What is the advantages of the fontanelles of a childs skull during childbirth and infancy?
Childbirth - allows for manipulation of skull to accommodate childbirth
Infancy - allows for rapid growth and reduced chance of fracture when knocked (e.g. after a fall)
What type of ossification occurs for the flat and irregular bones of the skull?
Flat - intramembraneous
Irregular - endochondral
At what age does the anterior fontanelle typically close?
18-24 months
At what age does the posterior fontanelle typically close?
2-3 months
