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Anatomy - Year Two > Head And Neck - Dry Room (Week 2) > Flashcards

Head And Neck - Dry Room (Week 2) Flashcards

1
Q

The vestibule of the oral cavity refers to what space?

A

Anterior to the teeth

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2
Q

The muscle innervated by the facial nerve that lies in the lateral walls of the oral cavity is the ______?

A

Buccinator

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3
Q

The muscle that causing closing/pursing of the lips is called what?

A

The orbicularis orbis

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4
Q

The posterior opening of the oral cavity is called what?

A

The oropharyngeal isthmus

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5
Q

What are the functions of the tongue?

A

Moving food during chewing
Swallowing
Speech

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6
Q

What is the embryological significance of the foramen caecum?

A

Remnant of the thyroglossal duct

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7
Q

What three types of papillae does the dorsal surface of the tongue have? Which doesn’t have taste buds?

A

Filiform (no taste buds)
Fungiform
Vallate

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8
Q

The dorsal surface of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue has elevations due to lymphoid tissue, what is this called?

A

The lingual tonsil

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9
Q

Name the fold of the mucous membrane that fixes the tongue to the floor of the mouth?

A

Frenulum (fimbriated fold)

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10
Q

What supplies the general sensory information for the anterior two thirds of the tongue?

A

Mandibular division of CN V

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11
Q

What supplies the general sensory and taste information for the posterior third of the tongue?

A

Glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve

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12
Q

What supplies the special sensory information for the anterior two thirds of the tongue?

A

Chorda tympani branch of the facial nerve

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13
Q

What is the collective function of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

Change the position of the tongue

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14
Q

What is the collective function of the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

Change the shape of the tongue

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15
Q

Name the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

Genioglossus
Hypoglossus
Palatoglosus
Styloglossus

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16
Q

What is the attachment of the genioglossus muscle?

A

Inner surface of the mandible close to the midline

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17
Q

What is the attachment of the hypoglossus?

A

Upper border of the mandible

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18
Q

What is the attachment of styoglossus muscle?

A

Styloid process

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19
Q

What is the attachment of palatoglossus?

A

Soft palate

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20
Q

What is the action of the genioglossus?

A

Protrudes tongue to opposite side

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21
Q

What is the action of the hypoglossus?

A

Depresses and retracts the tongue

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22
Q

What is the action of the styloglossus?

A

Retraction and elevation of the tongue

23
Q

What is the action of the palatoglossus?

A

Raise posterior tongue

24
Q

Which extrinsic muscle of the tongue is not innervated by the hypoglossal nerve?

A

Palatoglossus

25
Q

What innervates the palatoglossus?

A

Vagus (CN X)

26
Q

Name the three large paired salivary glands?

A

Sublingual
Submandibular
Parotid

27
Q

What innervates the parotid gland?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

28
Q

What innervates both the sublingual and submandibular salivary glands?

A

Chorda tympani of CN VII

29
Q

What two bones form the hard palate?

A

Maxilla and palatine bone

30
Q

Name the muscles of the soft palate?

A
  1. Tensor veli palatini
  2. Palatoglossus
  3. Palatopharyngeus
  4. Levator veli palatini
  5. Musculus uvulae
31
Q

What nerve supplies the soft palate?

A

Vagus via the pharyngeal plexus

32
Q

What structures lie in-between the mucosal folds of the palatoglossus and palatopharyngeus muscles?

A

Palatine tonsils

33
Q

What type of tissue makes up the palatine tonsils?

A

MALT

34
Q

What are the three parts of the pharynx

A

Nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngopharynx

35
Q

What bone for s the roof of the nasopharynx?

A

Body of the sphenoid

36
Q

In relation to the the larynx, the larygnopharynx lie where?

A

Superoposteriorly

37
Q

What prevents a oral bolus from entering the nasopharynx?

A

The soft palate

38
Q

What prevents a oral bolus from entering the larynx?

A

The epiglottis

39
Q

What are the three layers of the wall of the pharynx?

A

Outer - superior, middle and inferior constrictors and inner longitudinal muscles
Middle - Merges with deep fascia
Inner - mucous membrane

40
Q

What are the three inner longitudinal muscles of the pharynx called?

A

Stylopharyngeus
Salpingopharyngeus
Palatopharyngeus

41
Q

What neural structure innervates the pharynx?

A

Pharyngeal plexus

42
Q

The branches of which two cranial nerves form the pharyngeal plexus?

A

Vagus and Glossopharyngeal

43
Q

Which cranial nerve provides the sensory innervation to the pharyngeal plexus?

A

IX

44
Q

Which cranial nerve provides the motor innervation to the pharyngeal plexus?

A

X

45
Q

What is the action of the constrictor muscles of the pharynx?

A

Propels bolus down

46
Q

What is the action of the inner longitudinal muscles of the pharynx?

A

Shortens and widens pharynx

47
Q

What is Waldeyer’s ring?

A

Circle of lymphoid tissue surrounding the entrance to the oropharynx

48
Q

What structures comprise Waldeyer’s ring?

A

Adenoids (pharyngeal tonsils), tubal, palatine and lingual tonsils

49
Q

What structures form the laryngeal inlet?

A

Epiglottis (anteriorly), Aryepiglottic fold (laterally) and Arytenoid cartilage (posteriorly)

50
Q

What nerve provides innervation to the larynx?

A

Recurrent laryngeal nerve (except for the cricothyroid muscle)

51
Q

What nerve provides innervation to the cricothyroid muscle?

A

Superior Laryngeal nerve (branch of Vagus)

52
Q

Describe the position of the true vocal folds during normal respiration

A

Abducted

53
Q

Describe the position of the true vocal folds during rapid breathing e.g. after exercise

A

Fully abducted

54
Q

Describe the position of the true vocal folds while speaking/singing

A

Closed (adducted)

Anatomy - Year Two (17 decks)

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