GWA Oceania Test Flashcards
List the main areas of Oceania
Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and the 3 island groups
What are the 3 island groups of Oceania
-Micronesia
-Polynesia
-Melanesia
What is the relative location of Micronesia
Group of islands east of the Philippines
What is the relative location of Polynesia
Group of Is. that stretch from Hawaii in the north to New Zealand in the south
What is the relative location of Melanesia
Group of Is. northeast of Australia
Examples of major islands apart of Melanesia
Solomon Is., Vanuatu, & Fiji
What is is the world/Australia’s largest organism & made up of?
Great Barrier Reef (1250 miles), made up of Polyp (type of coral)
How is the word “bikini” associated with Oceania
Named after an atoll (Bikini Atoll), nuclear weapons were tested there
What is the nickname of Holland Island & Baker Island, why?
Guano Islands, The bird fertilizer name that was to be packaged up
What is AUS Greek name for the “undiscovered/unknown” landmass/ What name did Aristotle give to Australia
Terra Australis Incognita
What is New Holland
The first name given to AUS by the Dutch. They were the first to arrive
Who was the first Dutch to explore AUS and give it its name (New Holland)
Abel Tasman
Who is James Cook
He was the one who was exploring the world and landed of the east of Australia (at the time known at New Holland). Eventually he claimed some land for the British
Who is Mathew Flinders
He was the first to circumnavigate (around something/explore) Australia and claim it as an island
Who are the Aborigines, their main music instrument
Native Australians, most likely migrated from Asia. Their main music instrument is the Digeridoo
What is the pop. statistics of Aborigines through the years
300,000 (1800’s)|60,000 (1920)|200,000 (Today)
What purpose did Great Britain have for Australia
Make it into a Penal Colony
Where is the outback
the remote and usually uninhabited island region of AUS, Central Australia
Where is the BIG RED ROCK
“Big Red Rock” known as Ayers rock/Uluru to Aborigines, is in the Outback
What animals are native to AUS
Kangaroos (Come in different sizes), Tasmanian Devils, Wallabies, Koala, Emu, Platypus
What is the importance of the Great Dividing Range
Produces fertile farm land for people. Due to the winds from the west to east, it hits the Great Dividing Range (Katabatic Winds)
Australia’s Nickname, why?
The Land Down Under, Only continent that is completely south of the equator
Australia is comprised of how many provinces
6
What are AUS’s provinces
New S. Wales (1788)
Tasmania (1825)
Western AUS (1829)
Southern AUS (1836)
Victoria (1851)
Queensland (1859)
How many federal territories are apart of AUS, name and year
Two federal territories; Northern Territory & ACT both established in 1911
What is the nickname of AUS climate
“Desert with Green Edges”
How many climate zones does AUS have, largest, and examples
6
Largest: Desert
Ex of others: Grassland, Temperate, Tropical
Largest River in AUS, distance, & Rank
Murray River, 1,158 miles, 16th
Highest peak in AUS & Height
Mt Kosciuszko, 7,310 ft
What % of AUS’s land is available for farming
7%
What is the #1 crop
Wheat
What food item in AUS the leading exported in the world
Beef
AUS produced what % of the world’s wool supply
30%
What is the Great Wall of Australia
Used to protect sheep from Dingo (Wild dogs)
Where are most resources found in AUS, what kind of minerals are found
Outback; copper, iron, nickel
Australia produces what % of its needed oil
70%
What is AUS formal name
Common Wealth of Australia
When is AUS Day
January 26th
What type of government does AUS have
Constitutional Monarchy
Who is the current Head of State
Charles 3rd (symbolic, must appoint the governor)
Who is the current Governor
David Hurley (2019)
Who is the current Prime Minister
Anthony Albanese
Australia was the first country to grant what
Female voting rights (suffrage)
What is AUS population & rank
25 million & 55th
What is AUS area
2.9million sq/mile (slightly smaller than the U.S. contiguous 48 states)
What does AUS rank in area & continental
6th & 7th
What are the main languages of AUS
1) English
2) Aborigine
What are the main religions of AUS
Christianity-
1) Anglican (started by Henry the 8th)
2) Roman Catholic
What are some Regional issues
1) Cyclones (also referred to Willy Willies) [Hurricanes]
2) Drought/Forest fires
3) Overgrazing
Where do the majority of people live in AUS, Why?
On the east coast, cooler & the rest of AUS is covered in desert
What is the southernmost province of AUS
Tasmania
Geographers believe that 250 million years ago, Australia was part of what continent
Asia
Define Atoll
An “island” that is formed from coral that builds up around a volcano
What is the official name of AUS
Commonwealth of Australia
Name the largest/longest river in AUS
Murray River
Which European country was the first to claim AUS
Netherlands/Dutch
How many provinces does AUS contain
6
What year was AUS granted independence
1901
New Zealand consists of how many islands
Around 600
The indigenous people of New Zealand
The Māori
When did NZ receive independence from Great Britain
Sep. 26th, 1907
What is the official languages of NZ
English, Māori, Sign language
The majority of land area as well as pop. comes from 2 islands. What are their names? (NZ two parts)
North Is & South Is.
Population of New Zealand and rank
4.5 million & 123rd
Total land Area and rank for NZ
103,000 sq/miles & 75th
First organized settlement was founded in what year and by who (For NZ)
1840 by the British
New Zealand is about the size of which state
Colorado
Why is NZ nicknamed the youngest country
The country is still growing from the volcanic eruptions
What is the most popular hobby in NZ
Hiking
Where did the Māori people migrate from
Polynesia
What are the Māori’s traditional dance
Haka
What are NZ main religions
Christians & Hindu, Islam, Buddhism
What is the most popular sport in NZ
Cricket
What Is. group is Guam found in
Micronesia
